Incomplete objects cause lots of issues.

Problems

• Mutability

• Incomplete objects

• Concurrency inconsistencies between creation and essence setting.

• Setters

Solutions

• Pass the object's essence on creation

Examples

• Some persistence frameworks in static typed languages require an empty constructor.

Exceptions

• Stateless objects. Always better solution than static class methods.

Sample Code

Wrong

Right

Detection

Any linter can warn this (possible) situation.

Tags

• Essence

• Incomplete

• Mutable

Conclusion

Always create complete objects. Make their essence immutable to endure through time.
Every object needs its essence to be a valid one since inception.

Credits

Photo by Brett Jordan in Pexels

Writing a class without its contract would be similar to producing an engineering component (electrical circuit, VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) chip, bridge, engine...) without a spec. No professional engineer would even consider the idea.

Bertrand Meyer