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Maxi Contieri
Maxi Contieri

Posted on • Updated on • Originally published at maximilianocontieri.com

Code Smell 13 - Empty Constructors

No-Parameterized constructors are a code smell of an **invalid* object that will dangerously mutate.
Incomplete objects cause lots of issues.*

TL;DR: Pass the essence to all your objects so they will not need to mutate.

Problems

  • Mutability

  • Incomplete objects

  • Concurrency inconsistencies between creation and essence setting.

  • Setters

Solutions

  1. Pass the object's essence on creation

  2. Create objects with their immutable essence.

Examples

  • Some persistence frameworks in static typed languages require an empty constructor.

Exceptions

  • Stateless objects. Always better solution than static class methods.

Sample Code

Wrong

class AirTicket {
   constructor() {     
  }
}
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Right

class AirTicket {
   constructor(origin, destination, arline, departureTime, passenger) {     

  //...     
  }
}
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Detection

Any linter can warn this (possible) situation.

More info

%[https://codexposed.hashnode.dev/constructors-demystified]

Tags

  • Essence

  • Incomplete

  • Mutable

Conclusion

Always create complete objects. Make their essence immutable to endure through time.

Every object needs its essence to be a valid one since inception.

We should read Plato's ideas about immutability and create entities in a complete and immutable way.

These immutable objects favor bijection and survive the passing of time.

Credits

Photo by Brett Jordan in Pexels


In a purely functional program, the value of a [constant] never changes, and yet, it changes all the time! A paradox!

Joel Spolski


This article is part of the CodeSmell Series.

Last update: 2021/06/18

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