Structural Design Patterns

Structural design patterns in Java are a category of design patterns that focus on the composition of classes and objects to form larger structures.
These patterns help in creating relationships between objects, making your code more flexible and efficient.
Here's a list of common structural design patterns in Java:

1. Adapter Pattern:

   • Allows two incompatible interfaces to work together.
   • Helps you make one class compatible with another without changing their existing code.

2. Decorator Pattern:

   • Lets you add new behaviors or responsibilities to objects dynamically.
   • Enhances an object's functionality without altering its structure.

3. Composite Pattern:

   • Composes objects into tree structures to represent part-whole hierarchies.
   • Clients can treat individual objects and compositions of objects uniformly.

4. Bridge Pattern:

   • Separates an object's abstraction from its implementation.
   • Helps avoid a "cartesian product" explosion of classes when dealing with multiple dimensions of variability.

5. Proxy Pattern:

   • Provides a placeholder for another object to control access to it.
   • Useful for lazy loading, access control, and logging.

6. Facade Pattern:

   • Provides a unified, simplified interface to a set of interfaces in a subsystem.
   • Makes it easier to use a complex system by providing a higher-level interface.

7. Flyweight Pattern:

   • Shares common objects efficiently to save memory.
   • Reduces memory consumption when dealing with a large number of similar objects.

8. Command Pattern:

   • Encapsulates a request as an object, thereby allowing for parameterization of clients with queues, requests, and operations.
   • Useful for implementing undo/redo functionality, or queuing requests.

These structural design patterns are used to organize and compose objects or classes in a way that enhances flexibility, maintainability, and efficiency in software systems. They help solve common design challenges and make your code more organized and manageable.

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