// Returns the integer value of the quotient

In Python, you use the double slash // operator to perform floor division. This // operator divides the first number by the second number and rounds the result down to the nearest integer (or whole number).

In this article, I will show you how to use the // operator and compare it to regular division so you can see how it works.

It doesn’t end there, though – you will also learn about a Python math method that is synonymous with the double slash // operator.

What We'll Cover

The Basic Syntax of the // Operator
Examples of Floor Division
The Double Slash // Operator Works Like math.floor()
How the Double Slash // Operator Works Behind the Scenes

Conclusion
The Basic Syntax of the // Operator
To use the double slash // operator, you do things almost like in regular division. The only difference is that instead of a single slash /, you use double slash //:

firstNum // secondNum
Examples of Floor Division
In the example below, the floor division of 12 by 5 resulted in 2:

num1 = 12
num2 = 5
num3 = num1 // num2

print("floor division of", num1, "by", num2, "=", num3)

Output: floor division of 12 by 5 = 2

Whereas, the regular division of 12 by 5 would be equal to 2.4. That is, 2 remainder 4:

num2 = 5
num3 = num1 / num2

print("normal division of", num1, "by", num2, "=", num3)

Output: normal division of 12 by 5 = 2.4

This shows you that the // operator rounds down the result of the division of two numbers to the nearest whole number.

Even if the decimal point is 9, the // operator would still round the result down to the nearest whole number.

num1 = 29
num2 = 10
num3 = num1 / num2
num4 = num1 // num2

print("normal division of", num1, "by", num2, "=", num3)
print("but floor division of", num1, "by", num2, "=", num4)

"""
Output:
normal division of 29 by 10 = 2.9
but floor division of 29 by 10 = 2
"""
And if you perform floor division with a negative number, the result would still be rounded down.

To prepare your mind for the result, rounding down a negative number means going away from 0. So, -12 divided by 5 results in -3. Don’t get confused – even though at first glance it seems like the nubmer is getting "bigger", it's actually getting smaller (further from zero/a larger negative number).

num1 = -12
num2 = 5
num3 = num1 // num2

print("floor division of", num1, "by", num2, "=", num3)

floor division of -12 by 5 = -3

The Double Slash // Operator Works Like math.floor()
In Python, math.floor() rounds down a number to the nearest integer, just like the double slash // operator does.

So, math.floor() is an alternative to the // operator because they do the same thing behind the scenes.

Here's an example:

import math

num1 = 12
num2 = 5
num3 = num1 // num2
num4 = math.floor(num1 / num2)

print("floor division of", num1, "by", num2, "=", num3)
print("math.floor of", num1, "divided by", num2, "=", num4)

"""
Output:
floor division of 12 by 5 = 2
math.floor of 12 divided by 5 = 2
"""
You can see that math.floor() does the same thing as the // operator.

How the Double Slash // Operator Works Behind the Scenes
When you use the // operator to divide two numbers, the method that gets called behind the scenes is the floordiv().

You can also use this floordiv() method directly in place of the // operator:

num1 = 12
num2 = 5
num3 = num1 // num2
num4 = num1.floordiv(num2)

print("floor division of", num1, "by", num2, "=", num3)
print("using the floordiv method gets us the same value of", num4)

"""
Output:
floor division of 12 by 5 = 2
using the floordiv method gets us the same value of 2
"""
Conclusion
In this article, you’ve learned how you can use the double slash // operator and how it works behind the scenes.

In addition, you learned about two alternatives of the // operator – math.floor() and the floordiv() method.

Don’t be confused about which to use. The three ways you can perform floor division work the same way. But I would advise you to use the double slash // operator because you get to type less with it.

Thank you for reading.