Studying to create a NAS with raspberry pi4, it's not a reliable NAS but kind of backup of backup.
Since raspberry 4 has only USB3.0 this is our limit, but depends on the brand/chip of adapter the results are different.
The test to read used hdparm command and to write a dd command.
Read
hdparm -tT /dev/sda
Write
dd if=/dev/zero of=./TestingFile bs=100M count=10 oflag=direct status=progress
Nvme + usb3.0 Orico / Realtek adapter
SSd + usb3.0 sata adapter Jmicron
sucks 33 mb read and write on Jmicron chip
SSd + usb3.0 sata adapter ASmedia
Not bad with usb3.0 and asmedia chip to sata.
Final Results
From my opinion the better option is SSD SATA with asmedia chip, is good cost and benefit, nvme is good also but more expansive price.
In my case I have 4tb nvme for this test, but I'm waiting the special case for raspberry pi that has the NVME adapter for raspberry pi from 52pi that I hope that have a good chip like asmedia or realtek.
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