Deploying a React App to GitHub Pages

#react #github #webdev #productivity

React App*

* created using create-react-app

Introduction

In this tutorial, I'll show you how I deployed a React app—which I created using create-react-app to GitHub Pages.

You can visit the deployed app, at https://cenacrharsh.github.io/test/.

This repository contains the files related to the app. The master branch contains the app's source code (the code the app's developers edit), and the gh-pages branch contains a built version of the app (i.e. the code that GitHub Pages serves to the app's visitors).

The remainder of this document contains a tutorial on creating a React app (using create-react-app) and deploying that app to GitHub Pages.

Tutorial

Prerequisites

An adequate version of Node.js is installed. Here's the adequate version I use:
```
$ node --version
v14.17.0
```
An adequate version of npm is installed. Here's the adequate version I use:
```
$ npm --version
6.14.13
```
An adequate version of create-react-app is installed. Here's the adequate version I use:
```
$ create-react-app --version
4.0.3
```
In the case of create-react-app, you can either install it globally (i.e. $ npm install -g create-react-app) or install it locally (i.e. $ npm install create-react-app). If you choose the latter, you will have to specify its path whenever you invoke it (e.g. path/to/node_modules/.bin/create-react-app).
A GitHub account.
A command-line Git client setup according to GitHub.

Procedure

Create an empty repository on GitHub.

For this tutorial, I'll create a repository named test.
By empty, I mean without a README.md file, a .gitignore file, a LICENSE file, or any other files.
Create a new React app on your computer.
```
$ create-react-app test
```
This is the app you will deploy to GitHub Pages in step 7.
I opted to give the app the same name as my GitHub repository (i.e. test). However, you can name them differently from one another (e.g. you can name your app app-123 and your GitHub Repository repo-456).
This will create a new folder named test (or whatever you named your app) on your computer.
Install the gh-pages package as a "dev-dependency" of the app.

The commands shown in the following steps can all be issued from within the app's folder, so make sure to navigate to the newly created test folder and then use the commands. Use $ cd test to navigate to the app folder from where you are currently on the terminal.

After navigating to the test folder use:

```
$ npm install gh-pages --save-dev
```

Add some properties to the app's package.json file.

At the top level, add a homepage property. Define its value to be the string http://{username}.github.io/{repo-name}, where {username} is your GitHub username, and {repo-name} is the name of the GitHub repository you created in step 1. Since my GitHub username is cenacrharsh and the name of my GitHub repository is test, I added the following property:
```
//...
"homepage": "http://cenacrharsh.github.io/test"
```
In the existing scripts property, add a predeploy property and a deploy property, each having the values shown below:
```
"scripts": {
  //...
  "predeploy": "npm run build",
  "deploy": "gh-pages -d build"
}
```
Create a git repository in the app's folder.
```
$ git init
```
Add the GitHub repository as a "remote" in your local git repository.
```
$ git remote add origin https://github.com/cenacrharsh/test.git
```
This will make it so the gh-pages package knows where you want it to deploy your app in step 7.
It will also make it so git knows where you want it to push your source code (i.e. the commits on your master branch) in step 8.
Generate a production build of your app, and deploy it to GitHub Pages.
```
$ npm run deploy
```
That's it! Your app is now accessible at the URL you specified in step 4.
In my case, my app is now accessible at: https://cenacrharsh.github.io/test/
Explore the GitHub repository at this point. You will see that, although a master branch did not exist, a gh-pages branch did exist. The gh-pages branch contained the built app code, as opposed to the app's source code.
Optionally, commit your source code to the "master" branch and push your commit to GitHub.
```
$ git add .
$ git commit -m "Create a React app and publish it to GitHub Pages"
$ git push -u origin master
```
Explore the GitHub repository once again at this point.You will notice that a master branch now existed, and it contained the app's source code.
So, the master branch holds the source code, and the gh-pages branch holds the built app code.