Hi, I'm Aya Bouchiha, today, I'm going to talk about the list of built-in objects.
Definition of a List
A list is a mutable, iterable, ordered collection of values. It is used to store different and multiple values in one variable.
Creating a list
new_list = ['hi', 1, False, {"name":"Aya"}, [10, 20], None]
print(new_list) # ['hi', 1, False, {"name":"Aya"}, [10, 20], None]
print(type(new_list)) # <class 'list'>
print(len(new_list)) # 6
All list methods
append()
append(value): this list method lets you insert an element at the end of the list.
my_list = [10, 20, 30]
my_list.append(40)
print(my_list.append(50)) # None
print(my_list) # [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
my_list.append() # error
insert()
insert(index, value): used to add a new element at a given index
admins = ['Aya Bouchiha', 'John Doe']
admins.insert(0, 'Simon Bihao')
print(admins) # ['Simon Bihao', 'Aya Bouchiha', 'John Doe']
admins.insert(2, 'Salma Nouhary')
print(admins) # ['Simon Bihao', 'Aya Bouchiha', 'Salma Nouhary', 'John Doe']
pop()
pop(index = -1): delete the elements that exist in the given index, by default the index is the -1 which is the index of the last element. In addition, it returns the deleted element.
admins = ['Aya Bouchiha', 'John Doe']
old_admin = admins.pop()
print(old_admin) # John Doe
print(admins) # ['Aya Bouchiha']
tasks = ['eat fruits', 'go to gym', 'drink water']
completed_task = tasks.pop(1)
print(completed_task) # go to gym
print(tasks) # ['eat fruits', 'drink water']
remove()
remove(value): deletes the first item that matches the given value.
tasks = ['eat fruits', 'go to gym', 'drink water']
tasks.remove('eat fruits')
print(tasks.remove('drink water')) # None
print(tasks) # ['go to gym']
tasks.remove('something else') # error
clear()
clear(): used to remove all list's items.
tasks = ['eat fruits', 'go to gym', 'drink water']
print(len(tasks)) # 3
tasks.clear()
print(tasks) # []
print(len(tasks)) # 0
copy()
copy(): this list method is used to return a copy of the specified list.
today_tasks = ['eat fruits', 'go to gym', 'drink water']
tomorrow_tasks = today_tasks.copy()
print(tomorrow_tasks) # ['eat fruits', 'go to gym', 'drink water']
today_tasks.clear()
print(today_tasks) # []
print(tomorrow_tasks) # ['eat fruits', 'go to gym', 'drink water']
index()
index(value): returns the index of the first item that matched the given value.
today_tasks = ['eat fruits', 'go to gym', 'drink water']
print(today_tasks.index('eat fruits')) # 0
print(today_tasks.index('drink water')) # 2
print(today_tasks.index('buy a mouse')) # error
count()
count(value): returns the number of repeated items that match the specified value in a list.
product_prices = [12, 227, 0, 54, 0, 20]
free_products_number = product_prices.count(0)
print(free_products_number) # 2
print(product_prices.count(224578)) # 0
extend()
extend(iterable): helps you to insert an iterable(list, set,...) at the end of the specified list.
all_users = ['Yasm', 'Nopay', 'Houssam']
facebook_users = {'Aya', 'Simon'}
instagram_users = ('Ayman', 'Soha')
all_users.extend(facebook_users)
all_users.extend(instagram_users)
# ['Yasm', 'Nopay', 'Houssam', 'Simon', 'Aya', 'Ayman', 'Soha']
print(all_users)
reverse()
reverse(): reverse the order of the specified list
marks = [15, 45, 51, 70]
marks.reverse()
print(marks) # [70, 51, 45, 15]
sort()
sort(reverse = False, key(optional)): sort the list's items, if the reverse parameter was True, the items will be sorted in descending order.
the key parameter is used to specify a function that will specify the sorting criteria.
Example:1
marks = [7, 62, 71, 56, 24]
marks.sort()
print(marks) # [7, 24, 56, 62, 71]
marks.sort(reverse=True)
print(marks) # [71, 62, 56, 24, 7]
Example:2
def get_marks(student: dict):
return student.get('marks')
students = [
{
"name": "Aya Bouchiha",
"email": "developer.aya.b@gmail.com",
"marks": 92
},
{
"name": "John Doe",
"email": "john.doe@gmail.com",
"marks": 95
},
{
"name": "Ryan Hosm",
"email": "ryan.hosm@gmail.com",
"marks": 80
}
]
students.sort(key=get_marks)
print(students)
# [{'name': 'Ryan Hosm', 'email': 'ryan.hosm@gmail.com', 'marks': 80}, {'name': 'Aya Bouchiha', 'email': 'developer.aya.b@gmail.com', 'marks': 92}, {'name': 'John Doe', 'email': 'john.doe@gmail.com', 'marks': 95}]
Example3 (using lambda)
products = [
{
"name" : "laptop",
"price": 500
},
{
"name" : "phone",
"price": 150
},
{
"name" : "mouse",
"price": 16
},
{
"name": "keyboard",
"price": 24
}
]
products.sort(reverse=True, key=lambda product: product.get("price"))
print(products)
highest_price = products[0].get('price')
print(f'highest price is: {highest_price}')
Output:
[{'name': 'laptop', 'price': 500}, {'name': 'phone', 'price': 150}, {'name': 'keyboard', 'price': 24}, {'name': 'mouse', 'price': 16}]
highest price is: 500
Summary
append(value): inserts an element at the end of the list.
insert(index, value): adds a new element at a given index.
pop(index = -1): deletes the element that exist in the given index.
remove(value): deletes the first item that match the given value.
clear(): removes all list's items.
copy(): returns a copy of the specified list.
index(value): returns the index of the first item that matched the given value.
count(value): returns the number of repeated items that match the specified value in a list.
extend(iterable): inserts an iterable at the end of the specified list.
reverse(): reverses the order of the specified list.
sort(reverse = False, key(optional)): sorts the list's items.
References & useful Resources
Suggested posts
To Contact Me:
email:developer.aya.b@gmail.com
telegram: Aya Bouchiha
Hope you enjoyed reading this post :)
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