Quality control is critical, and developers work in small teams using Git for version control.
Introduction to Git
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What is version control?
- Version control system (VCS) is a program or set of programs that tracks changes to a collection of files.
Another goal is to allow several team members to work on a project, even on the same files, at the same time without affecting each other's work.
Another name for a VCS is a software configuration management (SCM) system.
To learn more about git and official documentation
With VCS
- You can see who made the changes and their comments at the time of committing files
- Retrieve past versions of the entire project
- Create branches
- Attach a tag to a version—for example, to mark a new release.
Distributed version control
Earlier instances of VCSes, including CVS, Subversion (SVN) used a centralized server to store a project's history. This centralization meant that the one server was also potentially a single point of failure.
Git is distributed, which means that a project's complete history is stored both on the client and on the server. You can edit files without a network connection, check them in locally, and sync with the server when a connection becomes available.
Git Terminology
- Repository (repo): The directory, located at the top level of a working tree, where Git keeps all the history and metadata for a project. Repositories are almost always referred to as repos.
- Commit: When used as a verb, commit means to make a commit object.
- Branch: A branch is a named series of linked commits. The most recent commit on a branch is called the head. The default branch, which is created when you initialize a repository, is called main, often named master in Git. The head of the current branch is named HEAD.
- Remote: A remote is a named reference to another Git repository. When you create a repo, Git creates a remote named origin that is the default remote for push and pull operations.
Git Command line : Different GUIs available for Git
- Git Desktop
- Visual Studio Code
Differences between Git and GitHub
Git | GitHub |
---|---|
Git is a distributed version control system (DVCS) that multiple developers and other contributors can use to work on a project. | GitHub is a cloud platform that uses Git as its core technology.GitHub act s as the remote repository |
Key features provided by GitHub include:
- Issues
- Discussions
- Pull requests
- Notifications
- Labels
- Actions
- Forks
- Projects
Try out - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/training/modules/intro-to-git/2-exercise-configure-git
References :
Basic Git commands
- git status : git status displays the state of the working tree
- git add : git add is the command you use to tell Git to start keeping track of changes in certain files. You'll use git add to stage changes to prepare for a commit. All changes in files that have been added but not yet committed are stored in the staging area.
- git command
- git log : The git log command allows you to see information about previous commits.
- git help : Each command comes with its own help page, too. You can find these help pages by typing git --help. For example,
git commit --help
brings up a page that tells you more about the git commit command and how to use it.
References:
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