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Learning Python- Intermediate course: Day 13, The Statistics Module

Today we will cover the statistics module in python.


Python has the built-in module statistics that you can use to calculate mathematical statistics of numeric data. You do not require to install anything extra. This statistics module was introduced new in Python 3.4.

The below sample shows the various functions in the module. I have ordered the methods as per the level of usage.

>>> import statistics as st
>>> a=[1,1,2,6,5,7,7,7,8,9]
>>> st.mean(a)
#Calculates the mean (average) of the given data
5.3
>>> st.mode(a)
#Calculates the mode (central tendency) of the given numeric or nominal data
7
>>> st.harmonic_mean(a) 
#Calculates the harmonic mean of the given data
2.8317788515563547
>>> b=[-2,3,4]
>>> st.harmonic_mean(b)
#StatisticsError is raised if data is empty, or any element is less than zero. 
#Harmonic mean doesn't support negative numbers
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Users\aatma\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\statistics.py", line 406, in harmonic_mean
    T, total, count = _sum(1 / x for x in _fail_neg(data, errmsg))
  File "C:\Users\aatma\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\statistics.py", line 164, in _sum
    for typ, values in groupby(data, type):
  File "C:\Users\aatma\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\statistics.py", line 406, in <genexpr>
    T, total, count = _sum(1 / x for x in _fail_neg(data, errmsg))
  File "C:\Users\aatma\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\statistics.py", line 289, in _fail_neg
    raise StatisticsError(errmsg)
statistics.StatisticsError: harmonic mean does not support negative values
>>> st.median(a)
#Calculates the median (middle value) of the given data
6.5
>>> st.stdev(a)
#Calculates the standard deviation from a sample of data
2.94580681270476
>>> st.variance(a)
#Calculates the variance from a sample of data
8.677777777777777
>>> st.median_high(a)
#Calculates the high median of the given data
7
>>> st.median_low(a)
#Calculates the low median of the given data
6
>>> st.median_grouped(a)
#Calculates the median of grouped continuous data
6.5
>>> st.pvariance(a)
#Calculates the variance of an entire population(dataset)
7.81
>>> st.pstdev(a)
#Calculates the standard deviation from an entire population
2.794637722496424
>>> a=[]
>>> st.median(a)
# If data is empty, StatisticsError will be raised.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Users\aatma\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\statistics.py", line 430, in median
    raise StatisticsError("no median for empty data")
statistics.StatisticsError: no median for empty data
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You will find a more detailed and comprehensive explaination at the official documentation

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