Array methods

// Array length shows how many elements exist in the array

let fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'date', 'elderberry']
let result = fruits.length;

console.log(result);

// The JavaScript method toString() converts an array to a string of (comma separated) array values.

let fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'date', 'elderberry']
let result = fruits.toString();

console.log(result);

// at() returns the element at the specified index

let fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'date', 'elderberry']
let result = fruits.at(2);

console.log(result);

// join() joins the elements of an array into a string and joins with whatever we insert inside (join()) parentheses

let fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'date', 'elderberry'];
let result = fruits.join('-')

console.log(result); // => apple-banana-cherry-date-elderberry

// pop() removes the last element from an array and returns that element

let fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'date', 'elderberry'];

let result = fruits.pop()

console.log(result); // => elderberry
console.log(fruits); // => ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'date'];

// Array.push() adds from the end and shows the length

let fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'date', 'elderberry'];
let result = fruits.push('kiwi');

console.log(result); // => 6 ! returns the length
console.log(fruits); // => ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'date', 'elderberry', 'kiwi']

// shift() deletes from the beginning and returns the deleted element

let fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'date', 'elderberry'];

let result = fruits.shift();

console.log(result); // => apple  

// unshift() adds from the beginning and returns the new length

let fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'date', 'elderberry'];
let result = fruits.unshift('pear');

console.log(result); // => apple    
console.log(fruits); // => ['pear', 'apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'date', 'elderberry']

// delete leaves empty holes in the array therefore use push() or pop()

let fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'date', 'elderberry'];

delete fruits[1];

console.log(fruits); // => ['apple', empty, 'banana', 'cherry', 'date', 'elderberry']

// The concat() method creates a new array by merging (concatenating) existing arrays:

const myGirls = ["Cecilie", "Lone"];
const myBoys = ["Emil", "Tobias", "Linus"];

const myChildren = myGirls.concat(myBoys);

// The flat() method creates a new array with sub-array elements concatenated to a specified depth.

const myArr = [[1,2],[3,4],[5,6]];
const newArr = myArr.flat();

console.log(newArr); // => [1,2,3,4,5,6]

let fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'date', 'elderberry'];
fruits.splice(2, 0, 'kiwi') // => ['apple', 'banana', 'kiwi', 'date', 'elderberry'];

console.log(fruits);

let fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'date', 'elderberry'];
let result = fruits.slice(2, 3) // => ['cherry']

console.log(result);