Which is better, if/else or switch

Background: What is if/else?

The if/else statement is the most basic conditional statement in coding. It allows you to execute different code based on a specific condition.

The if statement only executes code if the condition is true. For example, you can write code to print the message "You are an adult!" only if the user's age is 18 or older.

if(age >= 18){
    console.log("You are an adult!");
}

And the else statement executes code when the condition of the if statement is false. For example, you can write code to print the message "You are a minor" if the user's age is under 18.

if(age >= 18){
    console.log("You are an adult");
}
else{
    console.log("You are a minor");
}

Advantages:

• Easy to use and understand
• Applicable in various situations

Disadvantages:

• Code can become long and difficult to read if the conditions are complex
• Duplicate code may occur

Background: What is switch?

The switch statement is another type of conditional statement used in programming. It allows you to compare the value of an expression against multiple different cases and execute different code blocks for each matching case.

Here's a breakdown of how it works:

switch('foo') {
    case value1:
        // code to execute when 'foo' is equal to value1
        break;
    case value2:
        // code to execute when 'foo' is equal to value2
        break;
    default:
        // code to execute when 'foo' doesn't match any case
}

Explanation:

1. 'foo' : This is the value you want to compare against the different cases.
2. Cases: Each case statement represents a possible value the expression can have.
3. Code Block: The code block within each case will only be executed if the expression matches the corresponding value.
4. break: This statement is optional and tells the program to exit the switch statement after executing the current case's code block. If you don't use break, the program will continue to evaluate the next case even if it doesn't match the expression value.
5. default: This is an optional case that serves as a catch-all for any value that doesn't match any of the defined cases.

Advantages:

• Can be easier to read and understand than long chains of if/else statements, especially for multiple comparisons.
• Can improve code organization and maintainability.

Disadvantages:

• May not be as flexible as if/else statements for handling complex conditions.
• Not all programming languages support switch statements.

Which is better?

As mentioned, switch statements are very strong for readability in simple conditions. The switch statement also reduces bugs that can occur by preventing you from creating an environment that involves multiple conditions.

But this actually holds you back. Not being able to use complex expressions actually limits the implementation of many functions.

So in general cases if/else is good to provide flexibility. However, the switch statement also supports conditional expressions similar to the ones below.

Example of if/else statement:

if(foo === bar){
    return true;
}
else{
    return false;
}

Example of switch statement:

switch(true){
    case foo === bar:
        return true;
    default:
        return false;

Therefore, it is better to choose one that is better in terms of developer taste and readability.

Conclusion

In terms of readability, the switch statement is much better. The level of expression support is also similar. However, if it is convenient for the developer to use if/else, it is correct to use if/else. It is right to come to a conclusion based on the needs of the team and project, as well as each individual's preferences.