In this post, we are going to look at how to create a typescript utility library using the Vite bundler.
Why?
There could be many reasons to build a library
- To share the code inside your organization
- To contribute to the open-source community by creating an NPM package
- To extract a common piece of code in a mono repo so that multiple apps can reuse the same logic inside the mono repo.
Technologies/Features used
The library we are going to build will have the following features. Again this is my set of tools feel free to change it based on your preference.
Feature | Technology used |
---|---|
Package manager | PNPM |
Package bundler | Vite |
Programming language | Typescript |
Basic linting | ESLint |
Code formatting | Prettier |
Pre-commit hook validator | Husky |
Linting only staged files | lint-staged |
Lint git commit subject | commitlint |
Prerequisites
Tools
You will need the following things properly installed on your computer.
PNPM install
- If you have installed the latest v16.x or greater node version in your system, then enable the pnpm using the below cmd
corepack enable
corepack prepare pnpm@latest --activate
- If you are using a lower version of the node in your local system then check this page for additional installation methods https://pnpm.io/installation
App creation
- Let's create the app by running these commands.
pnpm create vite <app-name> --template vanilla-ts
cd <app-name>
pnpm install && pnpm update
Run pnpm dev
and check out the app.
- Initialize git if you want and enforce the node version along with some info in the README.md.
git init
echo -e "node_modules\ncoverage" > .gitignore
npm pkg set engines.node=">=22.11.0" // Use the same node version you installed
echo "#Typescript utility library" > README.md
- Specify the latest PNPM version to use for this project by setting the packageManager property in the package.json file.
npm pkg set packageManager="pnpm@9.12.3"
pnpm -v
Code formatter
I'm going with Prettier to format the code. Formatting helps us to keep our code uniform for every developer.
Installation
Let's install the plugin and set some defaults. Here I'm setting the single quote to be true, update it according to your preference.
pnpm add -D prettier
echo '{\n "singleQuote": true\n}' > .prettierrc.json
echo -e "coverage\npublic\ndist\npnpm-lock.yaml" > .prettierignore
VS Code plugin
- If you are using VS Code, then navigate to the
Extensions
and search forPrettier - Code formatter
and install the extension.
Extension link: https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=esbenp.prettier-vscode
Let's update the workspace to use the prettier as the default formatter and automatically format the file on save.
Create the workspace settings JSON and update it with the following content.
mkdir .vscode && touch .vscode/settings.json
{
"editor.formatOnSave": true,
"editor.defaultFormatter": "esbenp.prettier-vscode"
}
- Now open the
src/main.ts
in your VSCode editor and save it. If the semicolons are automatically created then it confirms that our auto formatting is working fine.
Linting
Linter statically analyses your code to quickly find problems. ESLint is the most preferred tool for linting the Javascript code.
ESLint
pnpm create @eslint/config@latest
- The ESLint will ask you a set of questions to set up the linter as per your needs. This is the configuration I've chosen for this project.
? How would you like to use ESLint? …
To check syntax only
❯ To check syntax and find problems
? What type of modules does your project use? …
❯ JavaScript modules (import/export)
CommonJS (require/exports)
None of these
? Which framework does your project use? …
React
Vue.js
❯ None of these
Does your project use TypeScript? › No / Yes
- Yes
Where does your code run?
✔ Browser
Node
The config that you`ve selected requires the following dependencies:
eslint, globals, @eslint/js, typescript-eslint
? Would you like to install them now? › No / Yes
- Yes
? Which package manager do you want to use? …
npm
yarn
❯ pnpm
bun
- Update the eslint config with the ignores list to let the ESLint know which files to not format.
/** @type {import('eslint').Linter.Config[]} */
export default [
...
{
// Note: there should be no other properties in this object
ignores: ['coverage', 'public', 'dist', 'pnpm-lock.yaml'],
},
...
]
Integrating Prettier with ESLint
Linters usually contain not only code quality rules but also stylistic rules. Most stylistic rules are unnecessary when using Prettier, but worse – they might conflict with Prettier!
We are going to use Prettier for code formatting concerns, and linters for code-quality concerns. So let's make the linter run the stylistic rules of 'prettier' instead.
- Install the necessary plugins
pnpm add -D eslint-config-prettier eslint-plugin-prettier
- Add the
eslintPluginPrettierRecommended
as the last element in the array.
import eslintPluginPrettierRecommended from 'eslint-plugin-prettier/recommended'
/** @type {import('eslint').Linter.Config[]} */
export default [
...,
eslintPluginPrettierRecommended,
]
For more info on this: https://prettier.io/docs/en/integrating-with-linters.html
- Let's create scripts for running the linter and prettier in the package.json file.
npm pkg set scripts.lint="eslint ."
npm pkg set scripts.format="prettier --write ."
- Run the
pnpm lint
cmd to run the ESLint. If it throws, errors like below then our linter prettier integration is working as expected.
To fix it just run pnpm format
cmd and run the pnpm lint --fix
cmd again. Now the errors should be gone.
Pre-commit hook validation
Even if we added all these linter and formatter mechanisms to maintain the code quality, we can't expect all the developers to use the same editor and execute the lint
and format
command whenever they are pushing their code.
To automate that we need some kind of pre-commit hook validation. That's where husky and lint-staged plugins come in handy let's install and set them up.
- Install the husky, commitlint, and lint-staged NPM package and initialize it as shown below,
pnpm add -D @commitlint/cli @commitlint/config-conventional
echo -e "export default { extends: ['@commitlint/config-conventional'] };" > commitlint.config.mjs
pnpm add -D husky lint-staged
pnpm exec husky init
echo "pnpm lint-staged" > .husky/pre-commit
echo "npx --no -- commitlint --edit \${1}" > .husky/commit-msg
- Update the package.json file and include the following property. This will run the ESLint on all the script files and Prettier on the other files.
"lint-staged": {
"**/*.{js,ts}": [
"eslint --fix"
],
"**/*": "prettier --write --ignore-unknown"
},
Absolute path import support
We often move around the files to make it more meaningful, when we are doing that, it would be great if we don't have to update the import statements. To do that,
- Install the @types/node NPM package
pnpm add -D @types/node
- Create the vite.config.ts file and update it like this,
touch vite.config.ts
import { defineConfig } from 'vite'
import { resolve } from 'path'
// https://vitejs.dev/config/
export default defineConfig({
resolve: { alias: { src: resolve('src/') } },
})
- Update the tsconfig.json file with the baseUrl for the imports to work in the editor.
{
"compilerOptions": {
"baseUrl": "./",
....
}
}
- The
resolve
property helps us to use absolute import paths instead of relative ones. For example:
import { add } from 'src/utils/arithmetic'
App code cleanup:
- Update the
main.ts
file with the following content,
export const add = (a: number, b: number) => a + b
export const sub = (a: number, b: number) => a - b
- Delete the sample files
rm -rf src/style.css src/counter.ts
Vite library mode
Vite by default builds the assets in app mode with index.html as the entry file. But we want our app to expose our main.ts file as the entry file, so let's update the Vite config to support that.
import { defineConfig } from 'vite'
import { resolve } from 'path'
// https://vitejs.dev/config/
export default defineConfig({
build: { lib: { entry: resolve(__dirname, 'src/main.ts'), formats: ['es'] } },
resolve: { alias: { src: resolve('src/') } },
})
Local dev server update
We can make use of the local dev server to verify our utility library. To do that let's update the index.html file, do note that it will not be exposed to the outside world.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="/vite.svg" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>Vite + TS</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="module" src="/src/main.ts"></script>
<script type="module">
import { add, sub } from './src/main'
const addOutput = document.getElementById('addOutput')
const subOutput = document.getElementById('subOutput')
const input1 = document.getElementById('input1')
const input2 = document.getElementById('input2')
const getNumber = (element) => parseInt(element?.value)
const eventHandler = () => {
const firstVal = getNumber(input1)
const secondVal = getNumber(input2)
if (addOutput && subOutput) {
addOutput.innerText = add(firstVal, secondVal).toString()
subOutput.innerText = sub(firstVal, secondVal).toString()
}
}
eventHandler()
input1?.addEventListener('change', eventHandler)
input2?.addEventListener('change', eventHandler)
</script>
<input id="input1" type="number" value="4" />
<input id="input2" type="number" value="3" />
<p>Sum of two numbers = <span id="addOutput"></span></p>
<p>Diff of two numbers = <span id="subOutput"></span></p>
</body>
</html>
Run the dev server, you should be able to see the library methods in action.
Unit testing
Vitest is a new framework that is gaining popularity with the developers who are using Vite. Let's see how to configure it for our project.
- Install the necessary packages
pnpm add -D vitest @vitest/coverage-v8
- Create a test file for
main
component and update it like the below,
touch src/main.test.ts
import { add, sub } from './main'
import { describe, expect, test } from 'vitest'
describe('Utility | Main', () => {
test('add - should add the given two numbers', async () => {
expect(add(4, 2)).toEqual(6)
})
test('sub - should subtract the given two numbers', async () => {
expect(sub(4, 2)).toEqual(2)
})
})
- Update the package scripts for running tests
npm pkg set scripts.test="vitest"
npm pkg set scripts.test:cov="vitest run --coverage"
- Create the
src/setupTests.ts
file and update it with the below content.
touch src/setupTests.ts
import { beforeAll, beforeEach, afterAll, afterEach } from 'vitest'
beforeAll(() => {
// Add your global beforeAll logics
})
beforeEach(() => {
// Add your globalbeforeEach logics
})
afterAll(() => {
// Add your global afterAll logics
})
afterEach(() => {
// Add your global afterEach logics
})
- Update the
vite.config.ts
file to add the test configs.
import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config';
// https://vitejs.dev/config/
export default defineConfig({
...,
test: {
setupFiles: ['src/setupTests.ts'],
coverage: {
exclude: ['*.config.*', '*.d.ts'],
},
},
});
- Run the tests
pnpm test
- Run the tests with coverage
pnpm test:cov
- To run a particular test use the -t param.
pnpm test -- -t "add"
Sample repo
The code for this post is hosted in Github here.
Please take a look at the Github repo and let me know your feedback, and queries in the comments section.
Top comments (9)
Great writing, Thanks for the detaled article. Would you mind to add readme description in GitHub repo so one can get to know where to start.
Thanks for the feedback. Have added the readme as suggested please check it out.
Perfect, Thank you.
This is cool, but the output is a single file, I'd like to compile multiple ts files as tsc does. Is that possible with vite?
I'm new to all of this, so sorry if it's a dumb question.
entry: [
resolve(__dirname, 'src/main.ts'),
resolve(__dirname, 'src/main-2.ts'),
],
Yes it's possible, update the build.lib.entry from type string to array in the vite.config.ts file and add all your input ts files in that array. It will compile and output multiple ts files. Hope that answers your question.
For more info checkout:
vitejs.dev/guide/build.html#librar...
vitejs.dev/config/build-options.ht...
Thanks for this guide.
Why not use Vitest? It seems very integrated with Vite.
Hey thanks. I first started using Vite for a react project and went with Jest as it was the recommended framework of choice for the react app. And also, Vitest was still in early stage so went with the more popular testing framework and got used to the Jest setup.
Vitest looks promising and the APIs are also lot similar to Jest so will definitely give a try.
I do wish that this covered more of how Vite works. I don’t feel like I understand how Vite interacts with my code based on this write-up.
In a few words: with Vite you can build web app (Vue, React, etc.) and libraries containing shared common code between projects.
This post explain how to create a library with Vite as bundler.