My Mental model of React Props And State

In this short article I want to present how I think of React State And Props to you.
It is very simplist model, And there is alot more to Props and State then this. But I find it useful to wrap my head around React two fundametal concepts by using this model.
May be you find is useful like me.

Props

Props are like parameters of a function. We use these to make our component dynamic like we use parameters to make our function dynamic.

lets look at a component to display Greetings to Harry Poter.

const GreetingHarryPoter = () => (
    <span>Hello Harry Poter</span>
)

Now I want to say greeting to any person not just Harry Potter, I can refactor my component to take in a prop i.e the name of person. And rename my component to more generic name because now I can use this component to say greeting to anybody.

const Greeting = ({name}) => (
    <span>Hello {name}</span>
)

And Now I can say greeting to different persons like

const App = () => (
    <Greeting name="Harry Potter">
    <Greeting name="Hermione Granger">
    <Greeting name="Ron Weasley">
)

State

Anything that happen in React App we capture this by changing State.
Like

• User Clicks A button we do change state.
• Network returns data we do change state.
• Anything else happen we change state.

Lets consider a simple example of counter that we can increment or decrement.

Lets create a component without state.

const Counter = () => {
  return (
    <div>
      <button>-</button>1<button>+</button>
    </div>
  );
};

Let's introduce state to it.

We want to set the initial counter value to 1.
But as you click on increment or decrement we want to change the counter value.
To make counter dynamic we initial it with useState hook.
(useState is provided by react to introduce state into our components)

const Counter = () => {
  const [count, setCount] = useState(1);
  return (
    <div>
      <button>-</button>
      {count}
      <button>+</button>
    </div>
  );
};

we call useState with initial value (i.e 1) and it returns us the value(count) and a function (setCount) to change the value in future.

Now we have a function that we can call whenever you click on increment(-) or decrement(+) buttons to change value.

const Counter = () => {
  const [count, setCount] = useState(1);
  const increment = () => setCount(count + 1);
  const decrement = () => setCount(count - 1);
  return (
    <div>
      <button onClick={decrement}>-</button>
      {count}
      <button onClick={increment}>+</button>
    </div>
  );
}

Thats it, now we have a dynamic counter that responds to user clicks by changing state and React take care of rendering the updated state.

Summary

At the simplest level we can consider props as parameters to a function.
And we can consider state as React way to update User Interface.