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Ahmed
Ahmed

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Angular 10/9 Authentication Form: Angular FormBuilder, FormGroup, and Validators Example with Node Backend

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In this step by step post, we’ll be learning about how to create an Angular 10/9 web application with an authentication form for signing up users using AngularFormBuilder, FormGroup, and ValidatorsAPIs.

Angular 10/9 Authentication Form

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Prerequisites

This tutorial has a few prerequisites such as:

  • Node.js and npm installed on your development machine,
  • Angular CLI 10 installed, if not use the npm install -g @angular/cli@next command to install it.

Step 1 — Initializing your Angular 10 Project

Let’s get started by initializing an Angular 10 project.

Head over to a new command-line interface and run:

$ ng new angular-10-auth-example
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Angular CLI will prompt if Would you like to add Angular routing? Say y and Which stylesheet format would you like to use? Pick CSS.

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Step 2 — Generating the Authentication and Admin Components

Go back to your command-line interface and navigate to the root folder of your project:

$ cd angular-10-auth-example
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Next, run the ng generate command to generate the components:

$ ng generate component auth  
$ ng generate component admin
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We created two AuthComponent and AdminComponent components.

The auth component will be used to add a reactive form for getting the user’s email and password.

The admin component will be used as an example page that will be secured against access from non-authenticated users. Users will need to log in before they can access the admin page.

Next, include these two components in the routing module. Head to the src/app/app-routing.module.ts file and update it as follows:

import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';  
import { Routes, RouterModule } from '@angular/router';import { AuthComponent } from './auth/auth.component';  
import { AdminComponent } from './admin/admin.component';const routes: Routes = [  
  { path: '', pathMatch: 'full', redirectTo: 'login'},  
  { path: 'auth', component: AuthComponent },  
  { path: 'admin', component: AdminComponent }  
];@NgModule({  
  imports: [RouterModule.forRoot(routes)],  
  exports: [RouterModule]  
})  
export class AppRoutingModule { }
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We have created three routes:

  • For the auth component,
  • For the admin component.
  • One for redirecting the empty path to the auth path.

Let’s remove this default HTML code. Open the src/app/app.component.html file and remove everything but leave <router-outlet>:

<router-outlet></router-outlet>
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Step 3 — Creating a User Model

Let’s now create a User interface. Head back to your command-line interface and run:

$ ng generate interface user

Go to the src/app/user.ts file and update it as follows:

export  interface  User {  
    email: string;  
    password: string;  
}
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This will ensure each user will have an email and password.

Also, check out:

What Are the New Features of HTML6?

What’s the HTML6 Release Date?

What Is Angular 9 ivy?

How to add Bootstrap 4 to my Angular 9 app?

How to update/Upgrade Angular 8 to Angular 9 by CLI ng update?

How to Install and Use jQuery with Angular 9?

How to Upload Image Files with Laravel 7 and Angular 9?

What Is Angular 9 ivy?

What’s Alpine.js vs, React, Vue.js and Angular?

How to Use HttpClient Module and Service to Send Ajax/Http Requests in Angular 9?

How to Create a New Angular 9 Project Using npm?

Step 4 —Creating an Angular 10 Authentication Service

Next, let’s create an Angular 10 service that exports the methods required for authenticating users. In your command-line interface, run:

$ ng generate service auth
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Go to the src/app/auth.service.ts file and update it accordingly:

import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';  
import { User } from './user';@Injectable({  
  providedIn: 'root'  
})  
export class AuthService { 

   constructor() { } 
   public signIn(userData: User){  
    localStorage.setItem('ACCESS_TOKEN', "access_token");  
   } 

   public isLoggedIn(){  
    return localStorage.getItem('ACCESS_TOKEN') !== null; } 

   public logout(){  
    localStorage.removeItem('ACCESS_TOKEN');  
  }  
}
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The signIn method is not fully-implemented. For a real-world implementation, check out Using Angular HttpClient with Node & Express.js — Example POST Requests.

Step 5 — Creating an Angular Router Guard

After creating the components, service, and model for implementing authentication.

Let’s generate a router guard that will be used for guarding the admin component from the access of the non-authenticated users.

Go back to your command-line interface and run:

$ ng generate guard auth
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Go to the src/app/auth.guard.ts file and update it as follows:

import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';  
import { CanActivate, ActivatedRouteSnapshot, RouterStateSnapshot } from '@angular/router';  
import { Observable } from 'rxjs';  
import { AuthService } from './auth.service';@Injectable({  
  providedIn: 'root'  
})  
export class AuthGuard implements CanActivate {  
  constructor(private authService: AuthService){}  
  canActivate(  
    next: ActivatedRouteSnapshot,  
    state: RouterStateSnapshot): Observable<boolean> | Promise<boolean> | boolean { return this.authService.isLoggedIn(); }  
}
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We start by importing AuthService and injecting it via the authentication guard’s constructor.

Next, in the canActivate() method, we implement the logic that will grant or deny access to the user by calling the isLoggedIn() method for checking if the user is logged in before activating the route.

This is simply how this works. The canActivate() method returns true if the isLoggedIn() methods return true i.e if the user is logged in. In this case, the route which has this guard applied can be accessed by the user.

Next, you only need to apply this guard to the route you want to guard.

Go to the src/app/app-routing.module.ts file and update it accordingly:

import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';  
import { Routes, RouterModule } from '@angular/router';import { LoginComponent } from './login/login.component';  
import { AdminComponent } from './admin/admin.component';  
import { AuthGuard } from './auth.guard';  
const routes: Routes = [  
  { path: '', pathMatch: 'full', redirectTo: 'login'},  
  { path: 'login', component: LoginComponent },  
  { path: 'admin', component: AdminComponent, canActivate: [AuthGuard] }  
];@NgModule({  
  imports: [RouterModule.forRoot(routes)],  
  exports: [RouterModule]  
})  
export class AppRoutingModule { }
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We use the canActivate array of the admin route to apply AuthGuard to the route which protects it from users that are not logged in.

Step 6 — Creating the Authentication Form

Before using reactive forms in Angular 10 we need to import FormsModule and ReactiveFormsModule in the application module.

Open the src/app/app.module.ts file and update it accordingly:

import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';  
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';  
import { FormsModule, ReactiveFormsModule} from '@angular/forms';import { AppRoutingModule } from './app-routing.module';  
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';  
import { AuthComponent } from './auth/auth.component';  
import { AdminComponent } from './admin/admin.component';@NgModule({  
  declarations: [  
    AppComponent,  
    AuthComponent,  
    AdminComponent  
  ],  
  imports: [  
    BrowserModule,  
    FormsModule,  
    ReactiveFormsModule,  
    AppRoutingModule  
  ],  
  providers: [],  
  bootstrap: [AppComponent]  
})  
export class AppModule { }
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We can now use reactive forms in our application!

Open the src/app/login.component.ts file and import:

  • FormBuilder, FormGroup, Validators symbols that are used to create Angular reactive forms,
  • Router for routing,
  • AuthService and the User model. 
import { FormBuilder, FormGroup, Validators } from  '@angular/forms';  
import { Router } from  '@angular/router';  
import { User } from  '../user';  
import { AuthService } from  '../auth.service';
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Next, inject the FormBuilder, Router and AuthService via the service constructor:

export class AuthComponent implements OnInit { constructor(private authService: AuthService, private router: Router, private formBuilder: FormBuilder ) { } ngOnInit() {  
  }  
}
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Next, add these service variables:

authForm: FormGroup;  
  isSubmitted  =  false;
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Next, in the ngOnInit() life-cycle event, create the form:

ngOnInit() {  
    this.authForm  =  this.formBuilder.group({  
        email: ['', Validators.required],  
        password: ['', Validators.required]  
    });  
}
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Next, add a get property to make easy to access the form controls on the HTML form:

get formControls() { return this.authForm.controls; }
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Finally, add the signIn() method:

signIn(){  
    this.isSubmitted = true;  
    if(this.authForm.invalid){  
      return;  
    }  
    this.authService.signIn(this.authForm.value);  
    this.router.navigateByUrl('/admin');  
  }
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Next, we need to create the HTML form. Open the src/app/login.component.html file and update it as follows:

<h1 style="text-align:center">  
  Angular 10 Auth Example  
</h1>  
<div class="login">  
  <h2 class="login-header">Log in</h2>  
  <form [formGroup]="authForm" class="login-container" (ngSubmit)="signIn()"> <p [ngClass]="{ 'has-error': isSubmitted && formControls.email.errors }">  
      <input type="email" placeholder="Email" formControlName="email">  
    </p> <div *ngIf="isSubmitted && formControls.email.errors" class="help-block">  
      <div *ngIf="formControls.email.errors.required">Email is required</div>  
    </div> <p [ngClass]="{ 'has-error': isSubmitted && formControls.password.errors }">  
      <input type="password" placeholder="Password" formControlName="password">  
    </p> <div *ngIf="isSubmitted && formControls.password.errors" class="help-block">  
      <div *ngIf="formControls.password.errors.required">Password is required</div>  
    </div> <p>  
      <input type="submit" value="Log in">  
    </p>  
  </form>  
</div>
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For styling the form we’ll be using this codepen example.

Open the src/styles.css and add:

@import  url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,700);  
body {  
    background: #456;  
    font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;  
}
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Next, open the src/app/login.component.css file and these styles:

/* 'Open Sans' font from Google Fonts */  
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,700);  


.login {  
  width: 400px;  
  margin: 16px auto;  
  font-size: 16px;  
}  

.login-header,  
.login p {  
  margin-top: 0;  
  margin-bottom: 0;  
}  

.login-triangle {  
  width: 0;  
  margin-right: auto;  
  margin-left: auto;  
  border: 12px solid transparent;  
  border-bottom-color: rgb(15, 66, 107);  
}  

.login-header {  
  background: rgb(12, 77, 129);  
  padding: 20px;  
  font-size: 1.4em;  
  font-weight: normal;  
  text-align: center;  
  text-transform: uppercase;  
  color: #fff;  
}  

.login-container {  
  background: #ebebeb;  
  padding: 12px;  
}  

.login p {  
  padding: 12px;  
}  

.login input {  
  box-sizing: border-box;  
  display: block;  
  width: 100%;  
  border-width: 1px;  
  border-style: solid;  
  padding: 16px;  
  outline: 0;  
  font-family: inherit;  
  font-size: 0.95em;  
}  

.login input[type="email"],  
.login input[type="password"] {  
  background: #fff;  
  border-color: #bbb;  
  color: #555;  
}  

.login input[type="email"]:focus,  
.login input[type="password"]:focus {  
  border-color: #888;  
}  

.login input[type="submit"] {  
  background: rgb(1, 29, 51);  
  border-color: transparent;  
  color: #fff;  
  cursor: pointer;  
}  

.login input[type="submit"]:hover {  
  background: #17c;  
}  

.login input[type="submit"]:focus {  
  border-color: #05a;  
}
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Also, add this CSS styles for error class:

.has-error input[type="email"],  
.has-error input[type="password"] {  
    border-color: rgb(216, 12, 12);  
    color: rgb(230, 14, 14);  
}
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Step 7 — Creating the Admin Component

Go to the src/app/admin.component.ts file and update it as follows:

import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';  
import { Router } from '@angular/router';  
import { AuthService } from '../auth.service';@Component({  
  selector: 'app-admin',  
  templateUrl: './admin.component.html',  
  styleUrls: ['./admin.component.css']  
})  
export class AdminComponent implements OnInit { constructor(private authService: AuthService, private router: Router) { } ngOnInit() {  
  } logout(){  
    this.authService.logout();  
    this.router.navigateByUrl('/login');  
  }}
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Next, open the src/app/admin.component.html file and add:

<div style="text-align:center">  
  <h1>  
    Welcome Admin!  
  </h1>  
  <p>  
    <button (click)="logout()">  
      Logout  
    </button>  
  </p>  
</div>
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Finally, open the src/app/admin.component.css file and add:

button{  
    background: rgb(1, 29, 51);  
    border-color: transparent;  
    color: #fff;  
    cursor: pointer;  
}
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This is the screenshot of our admin page:

Angular 10/9 Authentication Form

You can log out from the admin page and you will be redirected to the authentication form.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, we have implemented an authentication form with validation using Angular 10 reactive forms.

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