Git:

Git is a distributed version control system designed to handle everything from small to very large projects with speed and efficiency.

Version Control: Git allows multiple developers to work on the same project simultaneously without interfering with each other's work. It tracks changes to files, enabling developers to revert to previous versions if necessary.

Branching and Merging: Git allows for the creation of branches, which are separate lines of development. Developers can work on features or fixes in isolated branches and then merge these branches back into the main codebase.

Distributed: Each developer has a full copy of the repository, including the entire history of changes. This means that they can work offline and sync changes when they are back online.

Usage: Git is a command-line tool, although there are also graphical user interfaces (GUIs) and integrations in development environments that facilitate its use.

Installation: Git needs to be installed on your local machine. It's available for all major operating systems (Linux, macOS, Windows).

GitHub:

GitHub is a web-based platform that uses Git for version control. It offers a collaborative interface for managing Git repositories.

Repository Hosting: GitHub hosts Git repositories, making it easy to share code with others. Repositories can be public (open to everyone) or private (restricted access).

Collaboration Tools: GitHub provides tools for issue tracking, project management, and collaboration. This includes pull requests, where developers can propose changes to the codebase, and code reviews.

Integrated Features: GitHub offers additional features like GitHub Actions (for CI/CD), GitHub Pages (for hosting static websites), and GitHub Packages (for hosting packages).

Social Coding: GitHub is often described as a social network for developers. Users can follow each other, star repositories, and contribute to open-source projects.

Usage: GitHub can be accessed through a web browser. It also integrates with Git, meaning you can push and pull changes from your local Git repository to GitHub using Git commands.

Account: You need to create an account on GitHub to use its services. There are free and paid plans, with the free plan offering a substantial amount of functionality for individual developers and open-source projects.