Import CSV data to Ruby on Rails 7

Occasionally, we have a big data to be imported to our databases rather than adding data entry through forms. So, we use csv files to get that data to different tables in databases.

By default, CSV parser is in-built in rails. All you have to do is require 'csv' in the file where you want to use it.

I would suggest to use background job while importing data as data can be huge to handle and the request will be kept on waiting until it completes.

CSV file path

First, we have to get the file path:

def csv_file_path
  # give url to csv file
  @csv_file_path ||= File.read("https://...")
end

Initialise csv

Now that we have a path of the file to be read. Now parse this file so that we can use that data to import:

def csv
  @csv ||= CSV.parse(csv_file_path, col_sep: ",", row_sep: :auto, skip_blanks: true)
end

So, we call the path method and parse the file explaining that the data in the file will be using the separator , and separator of rows auto and skip the row if blank.
We can also call csv.count now to check the number of rows in the file.

Import Data

Let’s assume my file contains two columns, i.e., name, and email of the subscribers and I want to add to the user specified list the subscribers.

I have user model which has many lists and I have subscriber model which has many lists as well. Now list has many subscribers through list_subscriber model.

csv.each_with_index do |row, index|
  next if index == 0 # skip headers
  subscriber = Subscriber.find_or_initialize_by(email: row[1])
  subscriber.name = row[0]
  next unless subscriber.valid? # skip if subscriber data is invalid
  imported_subscriber << {name: subscriber.name, email: subscriber.email}
end

# save imported students
imported_subscriber_ids = Subscriber.upsert_all(imported_subscribers, returning: %w[id], unique_by: :email)

if imported_subscrriber_ids.present?
  # update list with imported subscribers
  list_subscribers = imported_subscriber_ids.map { |id| {subscriber_id: id["id"], list_id: list_id} }
  imported_list_subscribers = ListSubscriber.upsert_all(list_subscribers, returning: %w[id], unique_by: :index_list_subscribers_on_list_id_and_subscriber_id)
end

And viola! The contacts will be imported now. The upsert_all method is built in Rails 6 will import the data in one call and unique_by will stop any duplicated row to create.

As list_subscriber has a unique index on listId and subscriberId, so we can use the name of index direct by calling index_list_subscribers_on_list_id_and_subscriber_id otherwise uniq_by only works with columns having unique index.

Happy Coding!