Most frequently asked questions surrounding Google’s Cloud Operations Sandbox

Cloud Operations Sandbox serves as a simulation tool for budding SREs to learn the best practices from Google and apply them to real cloud services. In this blog, we have compiled a list of FAQs surrounding the use of Google's Cloud Operations Sandbox.

The Google SRE sandbox provides an easy way to get started with the core skills you need to become a SRE. It simulates all the behavioural complexities of a real GCP(Google Cloud Platform) environment, so that budding SREs can practice hands-on while learning SRE best practices.

The core skills you need to become a good SRE are:

1. Observability of complex microservice-based cloud environments
2. Performing quick root-cause analysis when things go wrong
3. Automating rollbacks and monitoring deployments
4. Tracking SLOs, SLIs over a time period

With Cloud Operations Sandbox, you can get started and take the first steps into SRE expertise and answer the question, ‘Will it work in my production environment’? We have compiled a list of FAQs related to the Google SRE Sandbox and answered them below.

Q: What are the major features of the sandbox?

While the sandbox has many features, in this blog we will be focusing on observability, root cause analysis, simulating user traffic and SLO/SLI tracking. The features in the sandbox used for learning about these are Cloud Tracing, Locust artificial load generator, cloud profiler, cloud debugger and SRE recipes.

Q: Can I track custom SLOs and SLAs with the sandbox?

The demo application that comes with the sandbox has microservices that are pre-instrumented with logging, monitoring, tracing, debugging, and profiling capabilities. In the screenshot shown below you can see how Service Level Indicators(SLI)s can be defined for the demo app.

You can pick SLIs based on availability, latency or even define your own custom metric for the demo application.

If you have instead chosen to track SLIs for your replicated production environment you will need to instrument the services separately.

Q: Which module is used to simulate traffic in the sandbox?

The artificial load generator used by the sandbox is Locust. Locust is mainly used for testing the load-bearing abilities of your infrastructure. With Locust you can define artificial user behaviour using Python code. Locust allows performing load tests by simulating upto millions of concurrent users.

Below you will find a code-snippet with the python code used to simulate the behaviour of a user.

from locust import HttpUser, between, task
class WebsiteUser(HttpUser):
    wait_time = between(5, 15)
    def on_start(self):
        self.client.post("/login", {
            "username": "test_user",
            "password": ""
        })

Q: What is ‘Google cloud debugger' and how does it work in the sandbox?

You may have noticed many instances where an issue faced in production, cannot be reproduced in the test environment for root cause analysis. To discover the underlying cause, you must either go into the source code or add more logs to the program when it is running in the production environment. The Cloud Debugger allows developers to debug code during execution using real-time request data.

Developers have the option of utilising the Cloud Debugger to debug a running application using real-time request data. Breakpoints and log points may be defined while viewing the project. A snapshot of the process state is taken when a breakpoint is hit, so you may examine what went wrong.

With the Cloud Debugger, adding a log statement to a running project doesn't result in slowed performance. Typically, this would need re-deploying the program/code, with all of the risks that are involved for production deployment.

Q: What is ‘Google cloud profiler’ and how can it help me?

You can use Cloud Profiler to perform statistical testing on your application. It collects statistical information on CPU usage, heap size, threads and so on depending on the programming language used. You may utilise the Profiler UI charts to identify performance gaps in your application code.

Once you have installed the Profiler library, you do not have to write any profiling code in your application; all you have to do is make the Profiler library available (the method depends on the language). This library will generate reports and allow you to conduct various analyses.

Note that if you are not using the demo application the profiler has to be configured to work with the related microservice.

Q: What are the tools available to learn tracing across Sandbox?

Cloud Trace allows developers to examine distributed traces by graphically revealing request latency bottlenecks. Developers gather the trace information by instrumenting the application code. Traces also include environmental information added to the Cloud Logging records. The sandbox provides openCencus and OpenTelemetry to learn tracing within the platform.

The solution the sandbox uses for instrumenting is OpenCensus. The OpenCensus project is open-source and offers trace instrumentation in many languages. Furthermore, it enables the trace data to be exported to Google Cloud Operations dashboard. To examine the data, you may utilise the Cloud Trace UI.

Clicking on a trace in the timeline will give you a more detailed view and breakdown of the traced call and the subsequent calls that were made.

Q: Can I replicate my production/staging environment in the sandbox?

Your production/staging environment can be replicated if it is hosted on GCP(Google Cloud Platform).

Q: Can I check for observability of my replicated environment?

The sandbox has a demo application(hipster shop) that comes pre-instrumented with observability. If you are using your own environment, you will need to instrument your microservices accordingly.

Q: Can I send alerts to an external platform?

As of now the demo sandbox has an inbuilt incident management system with basic functionality. Sending alerts to an external platform can be done after creating a custom module.

Q: How much does the Sandbox cost?

The sandbox is provided free of charge. However, since it can only be used on the Google Cloud Platform(GCP) platform, any computing resources consumed will be billed.

Q: Can I improve my MTTR(Mean time to Respond) with the sandbox?

The sandbox has a feature called “SRE recipes” that auto-generates issues in your environment. It is a good way to learn the skills to fix things in production. It is important to note that SRE recipes will only be working in the demo application provided with the sandbox. You will need to create your own scripts to auto-generate problems in your custom setup. By practicing, SREs can get better at fixing issues in production and reducing the MTTR(Mean time to respond) to incidents.

Q: Can I test the performance of my production environment in the sandbox?

Yes. The sandbox environment can be used to test your production environment since it has a tool to generate synthetic traffic. However, the sandbox does not have any tools for thorough unit testing and performance testing.

Q: What new features will be added to the sandbox?

Runbooks are expected to be added in the sandbox in the near future. Creating effective runbooks is an important skill all SREs need to acquire.

Conclusion

The SRE sandbox is a great place to test out your skills for becoming a better SRE. To be effective in their work, SREs need expertise in the areas of observability, performance testing and distributed architecture. The sandbox provides a way for budding SREs to test out different scenarios. Some possible scenarios include checking the performance of your application under different user loads, getting better at resolving critical issues and testing out different on-call strategies.

Squadcast is an incident management tool that’s purpose-built for SRE. Your team can get rid of unwanted alerts, receive relevant notifications, work in collaboration using the virtual incident war rooms, and use automated tools like runbooks to eliminate toil.