Prerequisites
- Docker
- Docker Compose (Optional)
If you didn't install them already look at these links:
You can check them via:
$ docker -v
Docker version 19.03.13, build 4484c46d9d
$ docker-compose -v
docker-compose version 1.23.2, build 1110ad01
Build Container
Execute below command to create a PostgreSQL container:
$ docker run -d -p 5432:5432 --name localpostgres -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=secretpassword postgres:11.6
This command will download Postgres 11.6 from Docker Postgre Hub.
If we look in detail:
-
-d: means run in detached mode, -
--name: we give container a name : localpostgres, -
-e: environment variable; -
postgres:11.6: is our main image that we create the container upon
INFO
I use PostgreSQL version 11.6 since I have it already but you can use whatever version you want.
Also if you leave tag blank docker will fetch the latest version.
However I definitely don't recommend that since it may break your software stack.
Get Into the Container
After creating the container we can access it on our host:
$ docker exec -it localpostgres bash
root@6542951f176a:/# psql -U postgres
psql (11.6 (Debian 11.6-1.pgdg90+1))
Type "help" for help.
postgres=#
Use the Container
Create a Database
We will create a database inside our PostgreSQL container:
root@cb9222b1f718:/# psql -U postgres
psql (11.6 (Debian 11.6-1.pgdg90+1))
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# CREATE DATABASE testdb;
CREATE DATABASE
postgres=#
Create a Table
Let's create an example table inside our testdb:
postgres=# CREATE TABLE accounts (
user_id serial PRIMARY KEY,
username VARCHAR ( 50 ) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
password VARCHAR ( 50 ) NOT NULL,
email VARCHAR ( 255 ) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
created_on TIMESTAMP NOT NULL,
last_login TIMESTAMP
);
CREATE TABLE
Check Table/Relations
To check your table:
postgres=# \dt
List of relations
Schema | Name | Type | Owner
--------+----------+-------+----------
public | accounts | table | postgres
(1 row)
postgres=#
Use Docker Compose
Instead of raw docker command we can use docker compose to create and access to our PostgreSQL database.
Create a file named docker-compose.yml with below code:
version: '3.5'
volumes:
local_postgres_data: {}
services:
postgres:
build: ./
image: postgres:11.6
container_name: localpostgres
environment:
POSTGRES_DB: ${POSTGRES_DB:-testdb}
POSTGRES_USER: ${POSTGRES_USER:-debug}
POSTGRES_PASSWORD: ${POSTGRES_PASSWORD:-debug}
POSTGRES_PORT: ${POSTGRES_PORT:-5432}
POSTGRES_HOST: ${POSTGRES_HOST:-postgres}
volumes:
- local_postgres_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
ports:
- "127.0.0.1:5432:5432"
Spin up our container:
$ docker-compose up -d
Creating localpostgres ... done
This command builds, (re)creates, starts, and attaches to containers for a service.
Now we can directly connect the database -testdb, with the user -debug:
$ docker exec it localpostgres psql -U debug -d testdb
psql (11.6 (Debian 11.6-1.pgdg90+1))
Type "help" for help.
testdb=#
All done!
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