Setting Up Git and GitHub,Creating Repository,Making Comments,Pushing and Pulling

#git #github #vscode #repository

Git is a distributed version control system used to track changes in source code during software development.
It allows multiple developers to collaborate on a project, manage different versions of the code, and maintain a history of changes.
It helps in tracking code and who made the changes What Does Git Do ?
Manage projects with Repositories
Clone a project to work on a local copy
Control and track changes with Staging and Committing
Branch and Merge to allow for work on different parts and versions of a project
Pull the latest version of the project to a local copy
Push local updates to the main project

Working With Git
Initialize Git on a folder, making it a Repository

Git now creates a hidden folder to keep track of changes in that folder
When a file is changed, added or deleted, it is considered modified
You select the modified files you want to Stage
The Staged files are Committed, which prompts Git to store a permanent snapshot of the files
Git allows you to see the full history of every commit.
You can revert back to any previous commit.
Git does not store a separate copy of every file in every commit, but keeps track of changes made in each commit!
GitHub is a web-based platform that uses Git for version control and collaboration.
It provides a place to store Git repositories online, along with tools for collaboration, such as issue tracking and pull requests
Git is not the same as GitHub.
GitHub makes tools that use Git.
Step 1; Install Git
On Google browser, type git-scm.com/download
Click on Windows, Linux or Mac depending on your versionfor Download
Click 32-bit or 64 Git depending on your system RAM for window setups
Wait for the download to complete

Using Git With Command Line
To start using Git, we are first going to open up our Command shell.
For Windows, you can use Git bash, which comes included in Git for Windows. For Mac and Linux you can use the built-in terminal.
The first thing we need to do is to check if Git is properly installed:

Configure Git

Now let Git know who you are.
This is important for version control systems, as each Git commit uses this information

Change the user name and e-mail address to your own. You will probably also want to use this when registering to GitHub later on.

Creating Git Folder

Now, let's create a new folder for our project
mkdir---- make a new directory
cd------- changes the current working directory
Now that we are in the correct directory.
We can start by initializing Git!
If you already have a folder/directory you would like to use for Git
Navigate to it in the command line, or open it in your file explorer, right-click and select Git Bash Initialize Git
Once you have navigated to the correct folder, you can initialize Git on that folder

First Git Repository is just created
Git now knows that it should watch the folder you initiated it on.
Git creates a hidden folder to keep track of changes. Step 2; Git New Folder
You just created your first local Git repository. But it is empty.
So let's add some files, or create a new file using your favourite text editor.
Then save or move it to the folder you just created
For this example, I am going to use a simple HTML file like this <!DOCTYPE html> Hello Romanus!
Hello Romanus!

This is the first assignment on Github.

Save it to our new folder as index.html.
Go back to the terminal and list the files in the current working directory
Then I check the Git status and see if it is a part of the repository
Now Git is aware of the file, but has not added it to our repository!
Files in the Git repository folder can be in one of 2 states
Tracked - files that Git knows about and are added to the repository
Untracked - files that are in your working directory, but not added to the repository
** Open Another Folder**
At the top right corner of Vscode
Click the file
On the dropdown, Click Open folder
Scroll down and right-click on the space marked with the empty annotation
You will see small box with lots of icon
Take your cursor down to New
To the right of the box, Click on folder Icon
The New folder is Created
Name it Github 3
Click on Select folder
Did you want to save the changes you make
Click Save
Click on Yes, I trust the authors
Click on Connect to open the remote Repository

Step 3; Git Staging Environment
One of the core functions of Git is the concepts of the Staging Environment and the Commit.
As I am working, I may be adding, editing and removing files.
But whenever finish a part of the work, I should add the files to a Staging Environment.
Staged files are files that are ready to be committed to the repository I am working on.
For now, I am done working with index.html.
So I can add it to the Staging Environment
git status
On branch master
No commits yet
Changes to be committed:
(use "git rm --cached ..." to unstaged)
```
new file: index.html
```
Using the git bash terminal, I imputed git status