What are CSS selectors?

• In CSS, selectors are patterns used to select the HTML element(s) on our web pages we want to style.
• In layman terms, selectors are used to grab a DOM element to apply styles to it

What are different types of CSS selectors?

.class

• Selects all elements with given class name
• Write a period (.) character, followed by the name of the class
• It will select all p with class="myClass"

child .class

• We can target child element using a class hierarchy
• We have to write parent class name followed by a space, and then followed by the child's class name
• Below example will add background-color: yellow to the paragraph

#id

• Style the element with given id attribute
• In below example intro is the id of the paragraph
• We select the elements by adding # followed by the id attribute of the element

element tag

• We can directly select an element by its tag name and apply the styles
• In this case we don't have to mention id or the class - simply write the element name in our styles and add properties to it
• Below example will grab all the p elements and apply the style to it

Mixture of #id, .class and element tag

• Below example will grab all the h1 elements which have class named heading and id's as greeting and intro respectively.

• And it's output will look like this-

adjacent selector

• Selects only the element which is preceded by the former element
• In this case, only the first paragraph after each h1 will have gray text

attributes selector

• Will only select the anchor tags that have a title attribute

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• Will style all anchor tags which link to http://www.google.com

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• Star designates that the proceeding value must appear somewhere in the attribute's value
• This covers any links which consists of 'com' in them such as, google.com, gmail.com, wikipedia.com

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• Attribute "contains" value
• Needs to be whole word

---

• Attribute "contains" value
• Does not have to be whole word

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• Attribute "starts with" value
• The value has to be a whole word
  • Either whole word
  • Or word followed by -

---

• Attribute "starts with" value
• The value DOEST NOT have to be a whole word

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• Attribute "ends with" value
• The value DOEST NOT have to be a whole word

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