| Feature | Web API | REST API |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | A framework for building HTTP-based services in .NET Core or other technologies. | A set of architectural principles for designing stateless, resource-based APIs. |
| Protocol | Can work over HTTP, TCP, or other protocols. | Strictly works over HTTP. |
| Architecture | Can follow REST, SOAP, or other communication styles. | Strictly follows RESTful principles. |
| Data Format | Can return JSON, XML, or other formats. | Typically returns JSON, but can support XML as well. |
| State Management | Can be stateful or stateless. | Stateless (Each request is independent). |
| Methodology | Based on ASP.NET Core, WCF, or other technologies. | Follows CRUD operations using standard HTTP methods. |
| Use Case | Used for building APIs for various communication styles. | Used for creating scalable, resource-oriented web services. |
Example to Clarify the Difference
- A Web API can be RESTful, but it can also be SOAP-based or use different communication protocols.
- A REST API always follows REST principles, using HTTP for communication.
Example of a Web API (Non-RESTful)
A SOAP-based API in ASP.NET Core:
<soap:Envelope>
<soap:Body>
<GetProduct>
<Id>1</Id>
</GetProduct>
</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>
Example of a REST API
A RESTful API using HTTP:
GET /api/products/1 HTTP/1.1
Host: example.com
Response:
{ "id": 1, "name": "Laptop", "price": 50000 }
Key Takeaway
- If you build an API in .NET Core, it is called a Web API.
- If your Web API follows REST principles (stateless, resource-based, uses HTTP methods like GET, POST, PUT, DELETE), then it is also a REST API.
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