ACID
- Atomicity
- Consistency
- Isolation
- Durability Are a set of properties of database transactions that guarantee data validity despite errors, power failure, and other catastrophe and are processed reliably.
Atomicity:- A transaction is treated as a single, indivisible unit. Either all operations within the transaction are completed successfully, or none of them are. This prevents a transaction from leaving the database in an inconsistent state.
Consistency: A transaction must only bring the database from one consistent state to another. This means that the database must adhere to all defined rules and constraints before and after the transaction.
Isolation: Multiple transactions can occur concurrently without interfering with each other. Each transaction operates as if it were the only one accessing the database, preventing conflicts and ensuring data integrity.
Durability: Once a transaction is committed, its changes are permanent and will survive system failures or crashes. The database will recover the committed changes even if it needs to be restarted.
- By adhering to ACID principles, databases can ensure that:
- Data remains accurate and reliable.
- Transactions are processed correctly and efficiently.
- The database system is resilient to failures and can recover gracefully.
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