A LAMP stack is a combination of at least 4 different technologies used in tandem to create a fully functioning web server or web application.
The complete components of a LAMP stack include:
Linux machine (Ubuntu)
Apache web server
MySQL database
PHP
The installation of this stack will be done using a executable bash script that can be used on any debian based linux distro.
First create a file named LAMP.sh which is the file where our bash script will be stored, and will also be later executed.
Next make the file executable by going to the folder where the file is located and execute the following command
chmod -x LAMP.sh
We can now begin scripting the installation file by editing the LAMP.sh file. You can do this using a cli based file editor such as vim or nano, or you can use a gui based text editor (recommended for beginners).
#!/bin/bash
# Update the package lists for upgrades and new package installations
sudo apt-get update
# Install MySQL server and client, Expect, Apache2, PHP, and various PHP extensions
sudo apt install -y mysql-server mysql-client expect apache2 php libapache2-mod-php php-mysql php8.2 php8.2-curl php8.2-dom php8.2-xml php8.2-mysql php8.2-sqlite3 php8.3 php8.3-curl php8.3-dom php8.3-xml php8.3-mysql php8.3-sqlite3
# Add the PPA repository for PHP maintained by Ondřej Surý
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:ondrej/php
# Update the package lists again to include packages from the new repository
sudo apt-get update
echo "Done with installations"
# Start the MySQL service
sudo systemctl start mysql.service
# Start the Apache2 service
sudo systemctl start apache2.service
# Start the MySQL secure installation process
# The expect command is used to automate responses to interactive prompts
sudo expect <<EOF
spawn mysql_secure_installation
# Set the timeout for expect commands
set timeout 1
# Handle the password validation prompt. If not present, skip.
expect {
"Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No:" {
send "y\r"
expect "Please enter 0 = LOW, 1 = MEDIUM and 2 = STRONG:"
send "0\r"
}
"The 'validate_password' component is installed on the server." {
send_user "Skipping VALIDATE PASSWORD section as it is already installed.\n"
}
}
expect "Please enter 0 = LOW, 1 = MEDIUM and 2 = STRONG:"
send "0\r"
expect "Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :"
send "y\r"
expect "Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :"
send "n\r"
expect "Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :"
send "y\r"
expect "Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :"
send "y\r"
expect eof
EOF
echo "MySQL secure installation setup complete."
# Ensure MySQL service is started
sudo systemctl start mysql
# Execute MySQL commands to create the database, user, and grant privileges
sudo mysql -uroot <<MYSQL_SCRIPT
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS webserver;
CREATE USER IF NOT EXISTS 'User1'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Password123';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON webserver.your_table TO 'User1'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
MYSQL_SCRIPT
echo "Database and user created."
# Enable the Apache mod_rewrite module
sudo a2enmod rewrite
# Create the directory for the new virtual host
sudo mkdir -p /var/www/demo.com
# Change the ownership of the directory to the current user
sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /var/www/demo.com
# Set permissions for the directory
sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/demo.com
# Create an index.html file with a simple HTML content and save it in the relevant file
sudo bash -c 'cat <<EOF > /var/www/demo.com/index.html
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to Your_domain!</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Success! The your_domain virtual host is working!</h1>
</body>
</html>
EOF'
echo "HTML file created at /var/www/demo.com/index.html"
# Create the virtual host configuration file for 'demo.com'
sudo bash -c 'cat <<EOF > /etc/apache2/sites-available/demo.com.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
ServerName demo.com
ServerAlias www.demo.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/demo.com
ErrorLog \${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog \${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>
EOF'
echo "Virtual hosting configured"
# Enable the new virtual host configuration
sudo a2ensite demo.com.conf
# Disable the default virtual host configuration
sudo a2dissite 000-default.conf
# Restart Apache2 service to apply the changes
sudo systemctl restart apache2
Execute the script using this command
./LAMP.sh
or using
bash LAMP.sh
Top comments (4)
Hi, this looks like a nice install script, but I think it would make for a much more interesting Dev article if you explained what each command does and why you do it.
For example : What is the ondrej/PHP ppa ? how does the
expectcommand work ? What's a2enmod/a2ensite/a2dissite (you could explain how they creat/delete symlinks, not everyone know about that).Thank you for the input. I'll make the necessary additions. Please don't hesitate to share your input on other articles
Thank you for posting this! If you're interested, you might find it beneficial to try doing this with Ansible. Ansible offers tools to manage these installations natively. Even if you decide to keep the script you’ve written, Ansible can help you distribute the script to multiple servers and manage its execution efficiently
Thank you for the response. I think I would make a subsequent article on how to use ansible to automate tasks across multiple machines