The Document Object Model (referred as the DOM) is the means that allowed developers to add interactivity to their websites, DOM is an essential part to learn to be a good javascript developers so today i'll give a cheatsheet to master the manipulation of the DOM
Prerequisite
This post is intended to be a refresh so i expect you to know the basics of javascript as well as basic knowledge of what the DOM is all about.
Creating elements
const element = document.createElement('element')
parentElement.appendChild(element)
const div = document.createElement('div')
body.appendChild(div)
const ul = document.createElement('ul')
const li = document.createElement('li')
ul.appendChild(li)
removing elements
- you can remove an element either by using
removeChildor withremovemethods
// with removeChild method
parent.removeChild(child)
// with remove method
child.remove()
ul.removeChild(li)
// or
li.remove()
Querying elements
- query an element that has an id
const element = document.getElementById('elementId')
const container = document.getElementById('container')
- query all elements by tag name (there is no similar method to find only one element by tag name)
const groupOfElements = document.getElementsByTagName('tag')
const inputs = document.getElementsByTagName('input')
- All in one
// query by id
const element = document.querySelector('#elementId')
// query group of elements by id (which ignores the purpose of having a special id)
const elements.querySelectorAll('#elementId')
// query element by class name
const element = document.querySelector('.className')
// query group of elements by class name
const elements = document.querySelectorAll('.className')
Modify elements
- modifying element's attributes
modifying the style object
element.style.fontSize = "18px"
element.style.backgroundColor = "#ffffff"
modifying the id:
element.id = "myId"
modifying the class
element.classList.add('myClass')
element.classList.remove('myClass')
- modifying the text
const element.innerText = "Hello World"
There is also textContent property for this job, However you would rather use innerTextinstead.
- modifying the attribute in general
element.setAttribute(attribute, value)
input.setAttribute(name, "myInput")
element.removeAttribute(attribute)
input.removeAttribute('name')
Event Listeners
Here is a list of the popular events you'll likely to use: change, click, submit, keydown... and more
element.addEventListener('event', () => {
// Do something...
}
button.addEventListener('click', () => {
alert('Hello There!')
}
Conclusion
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