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The What, Why, and How of a Microservices Architecture

Introduction to Microservices

This tutorial helps you understand and get acquainted with everything you need to know about Microservices. As you go further, you will gain complete knowledge regarding the architecture, features, applications, certifications, and the job structure of microservices in the market.

With a steady increase in the market size for the Microservices since 2016 in the US, many large players are migrating to it. This popularity is mainly because; the enterprises are looking forward to becoming more agile and adopt DevOps with continuous testing capabilities.

It is important for a tech-savvy engineer to understand the concept of Microservices and its bigger picture in the market. So, let's get started.

What are Microservices?

Microservices is a method of software development which packages an application as a set of loosely-coupled services with light-weight protocols for communication. Basically, it is a set of services that work independently to contribute to a user-defined task. Here, each business task is handled by a service that works independently with a dedicated server.

It borrows its architectural style from the Service-Oriented Architecture.

Note: Service-Oriented Architecture is a design of software development where services are provided by the application components to other components through network protocols.

Microservices are also popularly known as Microservice Architecture. Every service in the application is an independent, self-contained service and they implement single business capability.

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Why Microservice?
The old monolithic architecture of applications was one of the reasons for the development of microservice architecture.

Before understanding the reasons to adopt Microservices, let us understand the structure of Monolithic architecture and the flaws that compelled us to design a new architecture.

Monolithic Architecture

The whole architecture is built as a single, autonomous, business unit, where all the components inside the system are interconnected and are interdependent.

Below are the reasons for migrating over monolithic architecture.

Defects (Effects) of Monolithic Architecture
It is not flexible, as only one programming language can be used to develop all the services of varied demands.
Any change to one component affects the whole system. Hence, if any small change is made to a component, the effects have to be introspective for all the fellow components and a new software version of the entire application has to be released.
As one single server handles all the services (components), the maintenance of the server becomes expensive and complex.
Owing to the monolithic nature of the architecture, the addition of new services and scaling becomes difficult.
It is not meant for complex applications as they have tightly coupled dependencies
It takes a lot of time to build the monolithic application, as the whole architecture has to be done in a single programming language, with each component built, one after the other.

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