blockchain is a revolutionize technology in aspect to secure data and it's transparency via distributing each data to all nodes connected with blockchain.
yeah this question may arise in your mind that, will not it be threat of data duplication as data is distributed to all nodes, in this aspect data is totally private cause of cryptography a technique which encrypts data into a unreadable form a form which is unable to read and blockchain use SHA-256 algorithm which itself a powerful hashing algorithm.
now another question may arise what if data is altered means hash is changed, here comes the concept of decentralization if a hacker is trying to alter the data he/she will be caught by other nodes and this is concept of proof of work.
you can understand data distribution in this aspect as consider you have email address and it's password, consider your email address as public key and your password as private key now your public key is accessible to everyone but the private key only to you in blockchain's aspect the public key is like your wallet address accessible to everyone but private key could be passphrase of wallet and signing contract address when a user signs the contract or sends the transaction he/she has to sign the contract once contract is signed it is distributed to all nodes and each node becomes the witness of contract and if once the transaction has been completed it can't be duplicated means one transaction couldn't be done again...
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