Description of the problem

In Debian 11 your CertBot version is: https://packages.debian.org/bullseye/certbot
(on 28th August 2022 = 1.12.0)

Last release: https://github.com/certbot/certbot/releases
(on 28th August 2022 = 1.29.0)

In Debian 11 CertBot is outdated. First step: if installed, remove it:

sudo apt remove certbot -y

Installation of CertBot

1. Install Snapd manager: sudo apt install snapd -y
2. Install Snap core & refresh: sudo snap install core; sudo snap refresh core
3. Install CertBot: sudo snap install --classic certbot
4. Setup link in your Debian: sudo ln -s /snap/bin/certbot /usr/bin/certbot

Check version CertBot installed

1.- View version: sudo certbot --version
Output: certbot 1.29.0

Using manually

In next command replace: yourmail@example.com for your email. And *.example.com for your domain

sudo certbot certonly --manual --preferred-challenges=dns --email yourmail@example.com --agree-tos -d *.example.com

Finally follow CertBot steps in your command line.