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Duc Tran
Duc Tran

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Optimize Dockerfile images for NextJS

Optimize Dockerfile images for NextJS

NextJS Docker images is too big. So, this article will focus on the way optimize dockerfile for production. Here, i will use 2 ways for optimize docker images.

Full source code in here

Setup

First, we need to create a project with nextjs. Quickly, i use an example of Vercel, project in here.

Project structure:

.
├── @types
│   └── remark-html.d.ts
├── README.md
├── _posts
│   ├── dynamic-routing.md
│   ├── hello-world.md
│   └── preview.md
├── components
│   ├── alert.tsx
│   ├── avatar.tsx
│   ├── container.tsx
│   ├── cover-image.tsx
│   ├── date-formatter.tsx
│   ├── footer.tsx
│   ├── header.tsx
│   ├── hero-post.tsx
│   ├── intro.tsx
│   ├── layout.tsx
│   ├── markdown-styles.module.css
│   ├── meta.tsx
│   ├── more-stories.tsx
│   ├── post-body.tsx
│   ├── post-header.tsx
│   ├── post-preview.tsx
│   ├── post-title.tsx
│   └── section-separator.tsx
├── interfaces
│   ├── author.ts
│   └── post.ts
├── lib
│   ├── api.ts
│   ├── constants.ts
│   └── markdownToHtml.ts
├── next-env.d.ts
├── package.json
├── pages
│   ├── _app.tsx
│   ├── _document.tsx
│   ├── index.tsx
│   └── posts
│       └── [slug].tsx
├── postcss.config.js
├── public
│   ├── assets
│   │   └── blog
│   │       ├── authors
│   │       │   ├── jj.jpeg
│   │       │   ├── joe.jpeg
│   │       │   └── tim.jpeg
│   │       ├── dynamic-routing
│   │       │   └── cover.jpg
│   │       ├── hello-world
│   │       │   └── cover.jpg
│   │       └── preview
│   │           └── cover.jpg
│   └── favicon
│       ├── android-chrome-192x192.png
│       ├── android-chrome-512x512.png
│       ├── apple-touch-icon.png
│       ├── browserconfig.xml
│       ├── favicon-16x16.png
│       ├── favicon-32x32.png
│       ├── favicon.ico
│       ├── mstile-150x150.png
│       ├── safari-pinned-tab.svg
│       └── site.webmanifest
├── styles
│   └── index.css
├── next.config.js
├── tailwind.config.js
└── tsconfig.json
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Then, install and build this blog:

➜  blog-starter git:(master) ✗ yarn
➜  blog-starter git:(master) ✗ yarn build
➜  blog-starter git:(master) ✗ yarn start
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Your blog should be up and running on localhost:3000.

Build on Docker

Ignore unneeded files with .dockerignore:

node_modules
*.DS_Store
.next
.gitignore
README.md
.dockerignore
LICENSE
.docker
.gitlab
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We have 3 scenarios dockerfile in here. First, i'll use Basic Dockerfile:

➜  blog-starter git:(master) ✗ docker build -t blog-with-basic-dockerfile -f .docker/basic.dockerfile .
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basic

# Check docker images
➜  blog-starter git:(master) ✗ docker images
REPOSITORY                                       TAG                               IMAGE ID       CREATED          SIZE
blog-with-basic-dockerfile                       latest                            b70f75178890   8 seconds ago    370MB
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In this scenarios, we built nextjs image with size 370MB.

Next, we use multi-stage docker with Multi Stage Docker:

➜  blog-starter git:(master) ✗ docker build -t blog-with-multistage-dockerfile -f .docker/multistage.dockerfile .
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multi

# Check docker images
➜  blog-starter git:(master) ✗ docker images
REPOSITORY                                           TAG                               IMAGE ID       CREATED           SIZE
blog-with-multistage-dockerfile                      latest                            07c84ea2173a   38 seconds ago    339MB
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In this way, i use module node-prune in stage BUILD after install packages. node-prune can remove unnecessary files from node_modules:

         files total 43,924
       files removed 12,814
        size removed 28 MB
            duration 866ms
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Hehe, reduced 28MB. You can follow this guide for setup in your base node image. So, this images has been optimized 370MB -> 339MB.

Finally, we build dockerfile with multi-stage docker and enable mode standalone of NextJS. Create file next.config.js with content:

module.exports = {
    output: "standalone"
}
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Nextjs can automatically create a standalone folder which copies only the necessary files for a production deployment including select files in node_modules. More docs.

Let's start with Dockerfile:

➜  blog-starter git:(master) ✗ docker build -t blog-with-multistage-standalone-dockerfile -f .docker/multistage_standalone.dockerfile .
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standalone

# Check docker images
➜  blog-starter git:(master) ✗ docker images
REPOSITORY                                                      TAG                     IMAGE ID       CREATED           SIZE
blog-with-multistage-standalone-dockerfile                      latest                  07c84ea2173a   38 seconds ago    119MB
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WoW! Great ... The size of images is only 119MB.

3 images

So, I have presented 3 ways to optimize image size but ... it build very slow. In the next post, i will show you how to build image faster.

Thanks for reading 😁😁😁

Top comments (1)

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ribastudio profile image
Riba Jr • Edited

And the part 2? I'm curious about