Alternatives to the Turing test.

The Lovelace 2.0 test: Created by Mark O. Riedl in 2014. The Lovelace 2.0 Test of creativity as an alternative to the Turing Test as a means of determining whether an agent is intelligent. This test builds off prior tests of creativity and additionally provides a means of directly comparing the relative intelligence of different agents.

The reverse Turing test: Invented Henry S. Baird and a few other researchers in 2002. This test exploit the gap in ability between human and machine vision systems to craft a family of automatic challenges that tell human and machine users apart via graphical interfaces including Internet browsers

The Visual Turing test: First created by Donald Geman (and others) in 2014. In this test an operator-assisted device that produces a stochastic sequence of binary questions from a given test image. The query engine proposes a question; the operator either provides the correct answer or rejects the question as ambiguous; the engine proposes the next question (“just-in-time truthing”). The test is then administered to the computer-vision system, one question at a time. After the system’s answer is recorded, the system is provided the correct answer and the next question.

The Winograd Schema Challenge: created in 2012 by Hector J. Levesque and his colleague. we present an alternative to the Turing Test that has some conceptual and practical advantages. A Winograd schema is a pair of sentences that differ only in one or
two words and that contain a referential ambiguity that is resolved in opposite directions in the two sentences. This test is designed so that the correct answer is obvious to the human reader, but cannot easily be found using selectional restrictions or statistical techniques over text corpora.