Reverse Proxy
A reverse proxy sits in front of a server and can
- Act as Load Balancer
- Protect the origin servers from attacks by hiding it's IP addresses
- Cache content for faster performance
- Provide SSL encryption and decryption to and from the server
Directive Needed
Nginx uses proxy_pass Directive for configuring reverse proxy.
- Syntax: proxy_pass
- Request: https://www.example.com
location / {
proxy_pass http://10.1.1.3:9000/app1
}
Nginx uses proxy_pass directory to pass the request to 'example.com' to another server with ip address of 10.1.1.3:9000.
Important: When nginx starts connection with another server(backend) with proxy pass. It closes the previous connection with the client which results in some request information is lost. So one should capture the original details like actual ip address of client, host details etc and forward to the backend server.
Forward client details to backend server via reverse proxy
One need to Redefining Request Headers and forward it to backend server. To redefine request header use proxy_set_header.
Use proxy_set_header
- Syntax: proxy_set_header ;
server {
listen 80;
proxy_set_header Host $host; # replaces host header that comes from client
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; # captures original ip address of requester and sends it to backend
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; # all the traverse route the request takes
location / {
proxy_pass http://10.1.1.3:9000/app1
}
}
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