A Linux cheat sheet for beginners (short, sweet, and to the point)
Linux (Useful Commands) Terminal Cheat Sheet
Navigation Commands:
-
passwd
- change password -
ls
- list directory (Can point at any point on the machine)-
-la
a flag that lists all + permissions and hidden files
-
-
pwd
- print working directory - check where you're at -
cd
- change directory (Can address at any point in the machine file system) -
mkdir
- make directory -
rmdir
- remove director -
rm
- remove files -
echo
- sends data (if no destination is given than data is sent as output to the terminal) -
cp
copy a file (cp [source] [desintation]
) -
mv
- mv a file (mv [source] [desintation]
) -
locate
- locate a file on the machine (locate [filename]
) -
updatedb
- updates the directory database (must run before running locate) -
man
- manual page of any command -
grep
- search for the following words (can be used to check if a file contains specific info)
Linux is case sensitive so be aware of your capital letters!
-
./
- your directory right now -
../
- previous folder -
~
- the users root folder -
|
- pipe the output of one command into another -
>
- use command on the following file (overwrite) -
>>
- use command on following file (appends)
Privilege's and user commands:
-
cat
- reads a file to the terminal -
chmod
- changes permissions for a file -
adduser
- make a new user -
sudo
- give root permissions for the following command being executed -
su
- switch user
Network Commands:
-
ifconfig
- print network information -
iwconfig
- wireless network information -
ping
- ping an ip address (-c
flag lets you define how many times you wish to ping the given ip address) -
arp -a
- send out an arp request to check for machines on the network -
netstat -a
- shows all open ports and what is connected to these ports -
route
- shows a routing table
Viewing, creating, and editing commands:
-
history
- lists the 15 commands you entered (history | grep [command]
shows all the times you run a command on the machine (including specific syntax)) -
touch
- create a file -
nano
- use the nano text editor -
apt-get
- install [program name] - install a program on the machine (can be run without the install) -
apt install
- install a file from the system / kali - server -
apt purge
- program name - (You have to use the * *) -
pip install
- run an installer for local files -
git clone
- clone a github repository (This is a plugin and does not come preinstalled on most linux distributions!)
Webserver Commands:
-
service apache2 start
- start a webserver -
service ssh start
- start an ssh server -
service postgresql start
- a service that starts with metasploit -
service apache2 stop
- stops the webserver -
systemctl enable [program name]
- start the service when the machine turns on
Important files/directories in Linux:
-
/etc/passwd
- a file that stores all of the users in the system -
/etc/shadow
- stores all of the passwords in the system -
/var/log/auth.log
- authentication reports
Thanks for reading and feel free to follow Clean Code Studio for more!
Top comments (2)
Is there like a downloadable version of this? Perhaps an image or pdf?