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Bibek
Bibek

Posted on • Originally published at blog.bibekkakati.me

NanoID - Alternative To UUID

Hey coders 👋

If you are a JavaScript developer, I am pretty much sure that you have used the npm package UUID at least once in your development journey.

For those who don't know what is UUID. It is an npm package to generate a unique string ID. Similar packages are available in other languages too.

But in this article I am not going to discuss UUID, rather I will discuss another awesome npm package to generate a unique ID known as NanoID.

What is NanoID?

A tiny, secure, URL-friendly, unique string ID generator for JavaScript.

Why NanoID?

  • It is smaller in size as it has no dependencies.
  • It is 60% faster than UUID.
  • It uses cryptographically strong random APIs.
  • It uses a larger alphabet than UUID (A-Za-z0-9_-).

We can control the behaviour of alphabets to be used.

NanoID is available in almost all the most used programming languages.

Disclaimer: All the above claims are picked from the package's docs itself. 😉

Implementation

It is very easy to implement. Will write the code in a Node.js environment using CommonJS import.

Basic Way

It will generate the ID synchronously.



// Importing
const { nanoid } = require("nanoid");

// It will generate and return an ID with 21 characters
const id = nanoid();


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Async way

It will generate the ID asynchronously.



// Importing async API
const { nanoid } = require("nanoid/async");

// It will generate and return an ID with 21 characters
const id = await nanoid();


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Custom Size

You can also pass the required ID's size as an argument.



// Importing
const { nanoid } = require("nanoid");

// It will generate and return an ID with 10 characters
const id = nanoid(10);


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Reducing the size will increase the collisions probability.

Non-Secure

If you want performance and not concerned with security, then you can use the non-secure way.



// Importing non-secure API
const { nanoid } = require("nanoid/non-secure");

const id = nanoid();


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Custom Character or Size

You can control what characters you want to be included in your ID.



// Importing customAlphabet API
const { customAlphabet } = require("nanoid");

// First Param: Characters
// Second Param: ID size
const nanoid = customAlphabet("123456789qwerty", 8);

// Generated ID would be like: "q15y6e9r"
const id = nanoid();


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You can also use the customAlphabet with async way and non-secure way.



// Importing async API
const { customAlphabet} = require("nanoid/async");

// Importing non-secure API
const { customAlphabet} = require("nanoid/non-secure");


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You can also check for the ID collision probability here.


Originally published at blog.bibekkakati.me


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Top comments (21)

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pcjmfranken profile image
Peter Franken • Edited

FYI A UUID method was added to NodeJS' core crypto module in v15.6.0. So it's not available in the current LTS, but v16 takes over that role come October.

New method's docs: nodejs.org/api/crypto.html#crypto_...

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bibekkakati profile image
Bibek

Hey, thank you for sharing that.

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galkin profile image
Nikita Galkin

Hi, Bibek.

There is my benchmarking test crypto.randomUUID is three times faster uuid.v4. I hope you can use it as idea for your testings.

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ianwijma profile image
Ian Wijma

That's actually quite interesting. Thanks for sharing!

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bibekkakati profile image
Bibek

Hey Galkin, thank you for sharing that.

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newbeb profile image
Brian Lloyd-Newberry

I use nanoid for anywhere I want identifiers that can easily be used in uris, especially ones that humans see. I've a postgresql UDF implementation that I can post about.

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bibekkakati profile image
Bibek

Yeah. That would be great.

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adisreyaj profile image
Adithya Sreyaj

Have been using it for a while now. Great little library 🔥

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bibekkakati profile image
Bibek

Yup. Very useful and reliable.

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senthilmpro profile image
Senthil Muthuvel

It would be great to compare Node.js Crypto module's UUID vs NanoID performance.

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bibekkakati profile image
Bibek

Hey, thank you for the suggestion. I will definitely try to do that.

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pankajtanwarbanna profile image
Pankaj Tanwar

Good stuff. Would you mind elaborating more details of why exactly nanoID is faster then UUID? What architectural changes helped nanoID improve it's speed?

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bibekkakati profile image
Bibek

Hey, I haven't done any in-depth research on both the packages, it's just the practical implementation. But as per NanoID's documentation, they are managing the memory in a better way, which makes them faster than UUID. You can check their benchmarks or you can test it by yourself too.

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divyakshshukla profile image
Divyaksh

This is nice and I will definitely use it my custom blog / portfolio project

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bibekkakati profile image
Bibek

I'm glad you liked it.

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kalashin1 profile image
Kinanee Samson

hate generating user id's, we already have to cope with naming things

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bibekkakati profile image
Bibek

Haha :-D

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kitkatkitt profile image
kitkatkitt

Thanks for sharing this, it really helped me out!

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bibekkakati profile image
Bibek

Thank you for your comment.

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jamartinez98 profile image
jamartinez98

test