Building and Deploying a Dockerized Web Application

#docker #dockerfile #containerization

In today’s fast-paced development world, containerization has become a crucial skill for developers and DevOps professionals alike. In this tutorial, we’ll walk through the process of creating a simple web application, containerizing it with Docker, and preparing it for deployment on a cloud platform.

Project Overview

Our project will consist of four main steps:

Creating a simple web application
Writing a Dockerfile
Building and running the Docker container
Preparing for deployment on a cloud platform

Let’s dive in!

Step 1: Create a Simple Web App

For this tutorial, we’ll use Node.js and Express to create a basic web application. If you don’t have Node.js installed, you can download it from the official website.

First, initialize a new Node.js project:

mkdir dockerized-web-app
cd dockerized-web-app
sudo apt update
sudo apt install nodejs npm
npm init -y
npm install express

Now, create a file named app.js with the following content:

const express = require('express');
const app = express();
const port = 3000;

app.get('/', (req, res) => {
  res.send('Hello, Docker!');
});

app.listen(port, () => {
  console.log(`App listening at http://localhost:${port}`);
});

This creates a simple Express server that responds with “Hello, Docker!” when you visit the root URL.

Step 2: Write a Dockerfile

Next, we’ll create a Dockerfile to containerize our application. Create a file named Dockerfile in your project directory with the following content

# Base image
FROM node:14

# Set working directory
WORKDIR /app

# Copy app files
COPY . .

# Install dependencies
RUN npm install

# Expose port
EXPOSE 3000

# Start the app
CMD ["node", "app.js"]

This Dockerfile does the following:

Uses Node.js 14 as the base image
Sets the working directory to /app
Copies our application files into the container
Installs dependencies
Exposes port 3000
Specifies the command to start our application

Step 3: Build and Run the Container

Now that we have our Dockerfile, let’s build and run our container:

# Build the Docker image
docker build -t my-web-app .
# Run the container
docker run -p 3000:3000 my-web-app

If everything went well, you should be able to visit http://localhost:3000 your browser and see "Hello, Docker!".

Step 4: Prepare for Cloud Deployment

The final step is to prepare our application for deployment on a cloud platform. For this example, we’ll use AWS Elastic Container Service (ECS), but the process is similar for other cloud providers.

Push your image to Docker Hub

docker tag my-web-app:latest akhlab/my-web-app:latest 
docker push akhlab/my-web-app:latest

Create an ECS cluster in the AWS Console.
Create a task definition using your Docker Hub image.
Create a service in your ECS cluster using the task definition.

The exact steps for cloud deployment can vary based on your specific requirements and the cloud provider you’re using. Be sure to consult your cloud provider’s documentation for detailed instructions.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, we’ve walked through the process of creating a simple web application, containerizing it with Docker, and preparing it for cloud deployment. This is just the beginning of what you can do with Docker and containerization.

Some next steps you might consider: