Python has a set of built-in methods that you can use on strings.
All string methods returns new values. They do not change the original string.
1) capitalize()
The capitalize() converts the first character to upper case.
txt = "hello, and welcome to my world."
x = txt.capitalize()
print(x) # Hello, and welcome to my world.
2) count(value)
The count() method returns the number of times a specified value appears in the string.
txt = "I love apples, apple are my favorite fruit"
x = txt.count("apple")
print(x) # 2
3) find(value)
Searches the string for a specified value and returns the position of where it was found.
The find() method finds the first occurrence of the specified value.
It returns -1 if the value is not found.
txt = "Hello, welcome to my world."
x = txt.find("welcome")
print(x) # 7
4) String Slicing
To obtain a substring from a given string we use slicing.
We need to specify the start index and the end index seperated by a colon.
name = "Hey, This is Anirban"
print(name[13:20]) # Anirban
print(name[13:]) # Anirban
print(name[-7:]) # Anirban
5) replace(oldvalue, newvalue)
The replace() method returns a string where a specified value is replaced with another value given.
txt = "I like bananas"
x = txt.replace("bananas", "apples")
print(x) # I like apples
6) strip(characters)
The strip() method removes any whitespaces at the beginning and ending of a string and returns the trimed string.
Optionally we can even give a character to be removed from the string.
txt = " Mount Blue "
x = txt.strip()
print(x) # Mount Blue
7) upper()
The upper() converts a string into uppercase
txt = "Hello my friends"
x = txt.upper()
print(x) # HELLO MY FRIENDS
8) lower()
The lower() converts a strubg into lowercase
txt = "Hello my FRIENDS"
x = txt.lower()
print(x) # hello my friends
9) join(iterable)
The join() converts the elements of an iterable into a string
my_tuple = ("John", "Anirban", "Roshan")
x = ' '.join(my_tuple)
print(x) # John Anirban Roshan
10) swapcase()
The swapcase() swap the case of the elements of a string from upper to lower and vice versa.
name = "Anirban"
x = name.swapcase()
print(x) # aNIRBAN
11) islower() and isupper()
islower() returns true if all the characters in the string are in lowercase
isupper() returns true if all the characters in the string are in uppercase
name = "anirban"
print(name.islower()) # True
print(name.isupper()) # False
12) isalnum(), isalpha() and isdigit()
isalnum() returns true if all the characters of the string are alphanumeric in nature
isalpha() returns true if all the characters of the string are alphabetic in nature
isdigit() returns true if all the characters of the string are digits
name = "Company12"
print(name.isalnum()) # True
print(name.isalpha()) # False
print(name.isdigit()) # False
13) title()
The title() converts the first character of each word to upper case
txt = "Welcome to my world"
x = txt.title()
print(x) # Welcome To My World
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