Q1: What is Python?
A1: Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language known for its simplicity and readability. It supports multiple programming paradigms, including procedural, object-oriented, and functional programming.
Q2: What is the difference between Python 2 and Python 3?
A2: Python 3 is the latest version of the language, designed to fix and improve upon some of the shortcomings of Python 2. Python 3 introduced changes like print being a function, improved Unicode support, and various syntax enhancements. Python 2 is no longer actively supported.
Q3: Explain the concept of PEP 8.
A3: PEP 8 is the Python Enhancement Proposal that provides style guide recommendations for writing clean and readable code. It covers topics like indentation, naming conventions, and other aspects of coding style.
Q4: What are decorators in Python?
A4: Decorators are a powerful and flexible way to modify or extend the behavior of functions or methods without changing their code. They are denoted by the "@" symbol and are commonly used for tasks like logging, memoization, and access control.
Q5: What is a virtual environment in Python?
A5: A virtual environment is a self-contained directory that contains its own Python interpreter and installed libraries. It helps isolate project dependencies, preventing conflicts between different projects and simplifying package management.
Q6: Explain the difference between a shallow copy and a deep copy.
A6: A shallow copy creates a new object but doesn't create copies of nested objects; instead, it references the original objects. A deep copy, on the other hand, creates a new object and recursively copies all nested objects, creating independent copies.
Q7: What is the Global Interpreter Lock (GIL) in Python?
A7: The Global Interpreter Lock is a mechanism used in CPython (the default and most widely used implementation of Python) to synchronize access to Python objects, preventing multiple threads from executing Python bytecodes at once. This can impact the performance of multithreaded Python programs.
Q8: How does exception handling work in Python?
A8: Exception handling in Python is done using try, except, and finally blocks. Code that might raise an exception is placed inside the try block, and if an exception occurs, it's caught by the corresponding except block. The finally block, if present, is executed regardless of whether an exception occurred.
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