#- Complex data types
#- Math object
#- String
#- Number
#- TypeConversion
#- if else
- Complex data types
🎯 Object Data Type
The object is a complex data type in JavaScript that allows you to store and manipulate collections of data. An object can be created using two methods: object literals and object constructors.
Object Literals
Object literals are the simplest way to create objects in JavaScript. An object literal is a comma-separated list of name-value pairs wrapped in curly braces. The name of each property is a string or a number, followed by a colon and the property value.
const car = {
make: "Toyota",
model: "Camry",
year: 2021,
};
Object Constructors
An object constructor is a function that is used to create an object. The constructor function is defined with the function keyword, and the properties of the object are defined using the this keyword.
function Car(make, model, year) {
this.make = make;
this.model = model;
this.year = year;
}
const myCar = new Car("Toyota", "Camry", 2021);
🎯 Array Data Type
Arrays are another complex data type in JavaScript that allows you to store and manipulate collections of data. An array can be created using two methods: array literals and array constructors.
Array Literals
Array literals are the simplest way to create arrays in JavaScript. An array literal is a comma-separated list of values wrapped in square brackets.
const colors = ["red", "green", "blue"];
Array Constructors
An array constructor is a function that is used to create an array. The constructor function is defined with the Array keyword, and the elements of the array are defined as arguments.
const numbers = new Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
Math Object
Unlike most global objects, Math is not a constructor. You cannot use it with the new operator or invoke the Math object as a function. All properties and methods of Math are static.
Math.abs()
Returns the absolute value of x.
Math.ceil()
Returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to x.
Math.floor()
Returns the largest integer less than or equal to x.
Math.max()
Returns the largest of zero or more numbers.
Math.min()
Returns the smallest of zero or more numbers.
Math.pow()
Returns base x to the exponent power y (that is, xy).
Math.random()
Returns a pseudo-random number between 0 and 1.
Math.round()
Returns the value of the number x rounded to the nearest integer.
Math.sqrt()
Returns the positive square root of x.
Math.trunc()
Returns the integer portion of x, removing any fractional digits.
String
Name Description
charAt() Returns the character at a specified index (position)
charCodeAt() Returns the Unicode of the character at a specified index
concat() Returns two or more joined strings
constructor Returns the string's constructor function
endsWith() Returns if a string ends with a specified value
fromCharCode() Returns Unicode values as characters
includes() Returns if a string contains a specified value
indexOf() Returns the index (position) of the first occurrence of a value in a string
lastIndexOf() Returns the index (position) of the last occurrence of a value in a string
length Returns the length of a string
localeCompare() Compares two strings in the current locale
match() Searches a string for a value, or a regular expression, and returns the matches
prototype Allows you to add properties and methods to an object
repeat() Returns a new string with a number of copies of a string
replace() Searches a string for a pattern, and returns a string where the first match is replaced
replaceAll() Searches a string for a pattern and returns a new string where all matches are replaced
search() Searches a string for a value, or regular expression, and returns the index (position) of the match
slice() Extracts a part of a string and returns a new string
split() Splits a string into an array of substrings
startsWith() Checks whether a string begins with specified
characters
substr() Extracts a number of characters from a string, from a start index (position)
substring() Extracts characters from a string, between two specified indices (positions)
toLocaleLowerCase() Returns a string converted to lowercase letters, using the host's locale
toLocaleUpperCase() Returns a string converted to uppercase letters, using the host's locale
toLowerCase() Returns a string converted to lowercase letters
toString() Returns a string or a string object as a string
toUpperCase() Returns a string converted to uppercase letters
trim() Returns a string with removed whitespaces
trimEnd() Returns a string with removed whitespaces from the end
trimStart() Returns a string with removed whitespaces from the start
valueOf() Returns the primitive value of a string or a string object
Number
let x = 3.14; // A number with decimals
let y = 3; // A number without decimals
Numeric Strings
JavaScript strings can have numeric content:
let x = 100; // x is a number
let y = "100"; // y is a string
NaN - Not a Number
let x = 100 / "Apple";
Automatic Type Conversion
5 + null // returns 5 because null is converted to 0
"5" + null // returns "5null" because null is converted to "null"
"5" + 2 // returns "52" because 2 is converted to "2"
"5" - 2 // returns 3 because "5" is converted to 5
"5" * "2" // returns 10 because "5" and "2" are converted to 5 and 2
if else
if (condition) {
// block of code to be executed if the condition is true
} else {
// block of code to be executed if the condition is false
}
if (hour < 18) {
greeting = "Good day";
} else {
greeting = "Good evening";
}
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