HTTP Just Got a Little Easier: A Beginner's Guide to Ky

Welcome to our tutorial on using Sindre Sorhus' ky JavaScript library!

First off, what is ky and why should you care? ky is a small and simple library for making HTTP requests in JavaScript, with a straightforward API and support for both Node.js and the browser. It's lightweight, fast, and easy to use, making it a great choice for anyone looking to make HTTP requests in their JavaScript projects.

Now, let's dive into how to use ky.

Installing ky

To use ky, you'll first need to install it. You can do this with npm by running the following command:

npm install ky

Or, if you're using yarn:

yarn add ky

Making a Request

Making a request with ky is simple. Just call the ky() function with the URL you want to request, and you'll get back a Promise that resolves with the response.

For example, to make a GET request to the GitHub API to fetch a list of repositories for a user, you could do the following:

const ky = require('ky');

(async () => {
  const repositories = await ky('https://api.github.com/users/sindresorhus/repos');
  console.log(repositories);
})();

That's it! You've just made your first request with ky.

Customising the Request

Of course, you'll often want to customise your request beyond just the URL. ky makes this easy by allowing you to pass an options object as the second argument.

For example, you can set the HTTP method, headers, and body of the request like this:

const ky = require('ky');

(async () => {
  const options = {
    method: 'POST',
    headers: {
      'Content-Type': 'application/json'
    },
    body: JSON.stringify({
      name: 'ky'
    })
  };
  const response = await ky('https://httpbin.org/post', options);
  console.log(response);
})();

You can also use the ky.get(), ky.post(), ky.put(), and ky.delete() functions to create requests with those specific HTTP methods, like this:

const ky = require('ky');

(async () => {
  const options = {
    headers: {
      'Content-Type': 'application/json'
    },
    body: JSON.stringify({
      name: 'ky'
    })
  };
  const response = await ky.post('https://httpbin.org/post', options);
  console.log(response);
})();

Handling Responses

By default, ky returns the raw response object from the server, which includes the status code, headers, and body of the response. You can access these properties directly from the response object:

const ky = require('ky');

(async () => {
  const response = await ky('https://api.github.com/users/sindresorhus');
  console.log(response.status); // prints the status code
  console.log(response.headers); // prints the headers object
  console.log(response.body); // prints the response body
})();

But what if you just want the response body as a JSON object, or a plain text string? ky has you covered with the json() and text() methods.

const ky = require('ky');

(async () => {
const response = await ky('https://api.github.com/users/sindresorhus');
console.log(await response.json()); // prints the response body as a JSON object
console.log(await response.text()); // prints the response body as a string
})();

Handling Errors

As with any network request, things can go wrong. ky will reject the returned promise if the request fails or the server returns a non-2xx status code. You can catch these errors using a try/catch block:

const ky = require('ky');

(async () => {
try {
const response = await ky('https://api.github.com/users/sindresorhus');
console.log(response);
} catch (error) {
console.error(error);
}
})();

Advanced Options

ky has a number of advanced options that you can use to fine-tune your requests. Here are a few examples:

• searchParams: Allows you to set the query string parameters for the request.
• timeout: Sets the timeout for the request in milliseconds.
• retry: Allows you to retry the request if it fails. You can customise the number of retries and the delay between them.
• throwHttpErrors: By default, ky rejects the promise for non-2xx status codes. You can set this option to false to disable this behaviour and instead resolve the promise with the response.

You can find a full list of options in the ky documentation.

Wrapping Up

We hope this tutorial has given you a good understanding of how to use ky to make HTTP requests in your JavaScript projects. ky is a simple and powerful library that makes it easy to work with HTTP in Node.js and the browser, and we highly recommend giving it a try. Happy coding!