Problem:
You are given an unweighted directed graph of 'V' vertices and 'E' edges. Your task is to print strongly connected components (SCCs) present in the graph.
Input format:
You are given 'n' which is no. of vertices in the graph(0-based indexed)
'edges' 2d array of size m*2, where m is no. of edges and 2 is two vertices between which the edge exists. That is edges[i][0]---->edges[i][1] there is an edge between node 0 and 1.
TC: topo sort = O(N+E) +
transpose of the graph = O(N+E) +
dfs on topo sort with transpose graph = O(N+E)
import java.util.*;
public class Solution {
public static List<List<Integer>> stronglyConnectedComponents(int n, int[][] edges) {
List<List<Integer>> list = new ArrayList<>();
// Write your code here
// we identify which are the strogly conected component,
// strongly connected components are the components where all the
//are reachable by every other node in the component.
//steps to solve this using kosaraju's SCC
//1. find toposort of the graph.
//2. transpose the graph(change direction of the edges)
//3. do dfs on the toposort with the transpose graph.
//creating adjacency list
ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> adj = new ArrayList<>();
ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> tadj = new ArrayList<>();
for(int i =0;i<n;i++) {
adj.add(new ArrayList<>());
tadj.add(new ArrayList<>());
}
for(int ed [] : edges) {
//creating adjacency graph
ArrayList<Integer> temp = adj.get(ed[0]);
temp.add(ed[1]);
adj.set(ed[0],temp);
//creating transpose adjacency graph
ArrayList<Integer> temp2 = tadj.get(ed[1]);
temp2.add(ed[0]);
tadj.set(ed[1],temp2);
}
int visited[] = new int[n];
Stack<Integer> stack = new Stack<>();
for(int i =0;i<n;i++){
if(visited[i]==0){
dfs(i,visited,stack,adj);
}
}
//now stack has topo sorted nodes in it.
Arrays.fill(visited,0);
while(!stack.isEmpty()){
int node = stack.pop();
if(visited[node] ==0){
ArrayList<Integer> connComp = new ArrayList<>();
dfsOnTransposeGraph(node,visited,tadj,connComp);
list.add(connComp);
}
}
return list;
}
public static void dfsOnTransposeGraph(int node, int[] visited,
ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> adj,ArrayList<Integer> connComp){
visited[node] = 1;
connComp.add(node);
for(Integer it : adj.get(node)){
if(visited[it]==0) {
dfsOnTransposeGraph(it,visited,adj,connComp);
}
}
}
public static void dfs(int node, int[] visited, Stack<Integer> stack,
ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> adj){
visited[node] = 1;
for(Integer it : adj.get(node)){
if(visited[it]==0) dfs(it,visited,stack,adj);
}
stack.push(node);
}
}
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