You can use recursion to draw your shapes. Recursion is when a function calls itself with a stopping condition.
A famous example of recursion is the "droste effect", but unlike recursion in programming there is no stopping condition. It keeps going on forever.
Ok, so say a tree. A tree has branches, each branch has branches. Those branch have branches and so on.
A recursive function can draw itself, its branches, their branches. It's clear you need to use recursion to draw a tree with all its branches.
The code below is an example of that:
#!/usr/bin/python3
from turtle import Turtle, mainloop
def tree(plist, l, a, f):
""" plist is list of pens
l is length of branch
a is half of the angle between 2 branches
f is factor by which branch is shortened
from level to level."""
if l > 5:
lst = []
for p in plist:
p.forward(l)
q = p.clone()
p.left(a)
q.right(a)
lst.append(p)
lst.append(q)
tree(lst, l*f, a, f)
def main():
p = Turtle()
p.color("green")
p.pensize(5)
p.hideturtle()
p.speed(100)
p.left(90)
p.penup()
p.goto(0,-200)
p.pendown()
t = tree([p], 200, 65, 0.6)
main()
The turtle was hidden with
p.hideturtle()
without that line, the tree looks nicer:
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