Well, the way you use it in Stateless mode is very similar to Passport indeed, but it is definitely not an abstraction for Passport, and it doesn't use JWT etiher.
The token that's generated is just an 80 characters random token that's stored in the database and it doesn't contain any information in itself. The point of Sanctum is that it is muchmuch simpler than Passport (which is a full blown Oauth2 server) and simpler than using JWT tokens (which are not inherently secure).
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Well, the way you use it in Stateless mode is very similar to Passport indeed, but it is definitely not an abstraction for Passport, and it doesn't use JWT etiher.
The token that's generated is just an 80 characters random token that's stored in the database and it doesn't contain any information in itself. The point of Sanctum is that it is much much simpler than Passport (which is a full blown Oauth2 server) and simpler than using JWT tokens (which are not inherently secure).