Python GUI programming (Tkinter)

#python #beginners

Python provides several libraries to develop graphical interface, on of them is tkinter.

Tkinter: Tkinter module ( "Tk Interface") is an interface standard. Python Tk GUI toolkit and Tkinter can be used in most Unix platforms, the same can be applied to both Windows and Macintosh systems.

Versions Tk >= 8.0 can achieve local style window, and run well in the vast majority of platforms.

If you want to learn tkinter, you can with this tkinter course

Tkinter Programming

Tkinter is Python's standard GUI library. With Python using tkinter, you can quickly create GUI applications.

Since python Tkinter is built into the installation package, then as long as the installed Python can import the tkinter library.

Note: Python3.x version of the library named tkinter, namely T lowercase first letter:

import tkinter

Creating a GUI program

import module tkinter
create the control
specify the control master, that is, what the control belongs to
tell GM (geometry manager) that we produced a control

Example:

#!/usr/bin/python

import tkinter
top = tkinter.Tk ()
# Enter the message loop
top.mainloop ()

Code executed above, results are as follows:

Example 2:

#!/usr/bin/python
# - * - coding: UTF-8 - * -

from tkinter import * # import Tkinter library
root = Tk () # create window object background color

# Create two lists
li = [ 'C', 'python', 'php', 'html', 'SQL', 'java']
movie = [ 'CSS', 'jQuery', 'Bootstrap']
listb = Listbox (root) # create two lists components
listb2 = Listbox (root)
for item in li: # first small data insertion member
    listb.insert (0, item)

for item in movie: # inserting the second widget data
    listb2.insert (0, item)

listb.pack () # widget is placed into the main window
listb2.pack ()
root.mainloop () # enter the message loop

Code executes above, results are as follows:

Tkinter components

Tkinter provides various controls such as buttons, labels and message boxes.

There are 15 kinds of Tkinter widgets. We describe these components in the following table:

Controls	Description
Button	button control; display button in the program.
Canvas	Canvas controls; displaying graphical elements such as lines or text
Checkbutton	checkbox controls; to provide multiple choice box in the program
Entry	input controls; for simple text display
Frame	Frame control; display a rectangular area on the screen, usually used as containers
Label	label control; can display text and bitmaps
Listbox	list box control; in Listbox widget is used to display to the user a list of strings
Menubutton	menu button control, because the menu items.
Menu	menu control; display the menu bar, drop-down menus and pop-up menus
Message	Message control; to display multiple lines of text, and more similar label
Radiobutton	radio button controls; button to display the status of a radio
Scale	range control; displaying a numerical scale, limiting the scope of the digital output section
Scrollbar	scroll bar controls, when the content exceeds the viewable area use, such as list boxes. .
Text	text control; for multi-line text display
Toplevel	container control; to provide a separate dialog boxes, and more similar to Frame
Spinbox	input controls; and Entry similar, but you can specify an input range of values
PanedWindow	PanedWindow is a window layout management plug-ins, can contain one or more child controls.
LabelFrame	labelframe is a simple container control. Common and complex window layout.
tkMessageBox	displays a message box for your application.

standard attributes

Standard attribute that is common property of all controls, such as size, font and color, and so on.

Properties	Description
Dimension	control size;
Color	control color;
Font	fonts controls;
Anchor	anchor;
Relief	control style;
Bitmap	bitmaps;
Cursor	cursor;

geometry management

Tkinter control has specific geometric state management methods, management controls the entire regional organizations, it is a geometric Management Tkinter public: bag, grid, location