what is SQL
SQL is a standard computer language for accessing and manipulating databases.
SQL provides statements for various tasks, including:
Query data.
Insert, update and delete rows in the table.
Create, replace, change and delete objects.
Control access to the database and its objects.
Ensure database consistency and integrity.
The SQL language consists of commands and functions for working with databases and database objects. The language also enforces rules about data types, expressions, and the use of text. Therefore, in the SQL reference chapter, in addition to the SQL syntax reference, you will also find information about data types, expressions, functions, and operators.
A Brief History of SQL Development
A brief history of SQL development is as follows:
1986, ANSI X3.135-1986, ISO/IEC 9075:1986, SQL-86
1989, ANSI X3.135-1989, ISO/IEC 9075:1989, SQL-89
1992, ANSI X3.135-1992, ISO/IEC 9075:1992, SQL-92 (SQL2)
1999, ISO/IEC 9075:1999, SQL:1999 (SQL3)
2003, ISO/IEC 9075:2003, SQL:2003 (SQL4)
2011, ISO/IEC 9075:200N, SQL:2011 (SQL5)
SQL standards supported by openGauss.
openGauss supports the main features of SQL2, SQL3 and SQL4 by default.
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